Core

Objective-C

@interface Core : NSObject

Swift

class Core : NSObject

The Core module

Member classes: Algorithm, TickMeter

Member enums: Code, DecompTypes, NormTypes, CmpTypes, GemmFlags, DftFlags, BorderTypes, SortFlags, CovarFlags, KmeansFlags, ReduceTypes, RotateFlags, Flags, Flags, FormatType, Param

Class Constants

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int SVD_MODIFY_A

    Swift

    class var SVD_MODIFY_A: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int SVD_NO_UV

    Swift

    class var SVD_NO_UV: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int SVD_FULL_UV

    Swift

    class var SVD_FULL_UV: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int FILLED

    Swift

    class var FILLED: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int REDUCE_SUM

    Swift

    class var REDUCE_SUM: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int REDUCE_AVG

    Swift

    class var REDUCE_AVG: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int REDUCE_MAX

    Swift

    class var REDUCE_MAX: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int REDUCE_MIN

    Swift

    class var REDUCE_MIN: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int RNG_UNIFORM

    Swift

    class var RNG_UNIFORM: Int32 { get }
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    @property (class, readonly) int RNG_NORMAL

    Swift

    class var RNG_NORMAL: Int32 { get }

Methods

  • Calculates an average (mean) of array elements.

    The function cv::mean calculates the mean value M of array elements, independently for each channel, and return it:

    \begin{array}{l} N = \sum _{I: \; \texttt{mask} (I) \ne 0} 1 \ M_c = \left ( \sum _{I: \; \texttt{mask} (I) \ne 0}{ \texttt{mtx} (I)_c} \right )/N \end{array}
    When all the mask elements are 0’s, the function returns Scalar::all(0)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull Scalar *)mean:(nonnull Mat *)src mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func mean(src: Mat, mask: Mat) -> Scalar

    Parameters

    src

    input array that should have from 1 to 4 channels so that the result can be stored in Scalar_ .

    mask

    optional operation mask.

  • Calculates an average (mean) of array elements.

    The function cv::mean calculates the mean value M of array elements, independently for each channel, and return it:

    \begin{array}{l} N = \sum _{I: \; \texttt{mask} (I) \ne 0} 1 \ M_c = \left ( \sum _{I: \; \texttt{mask} (I) \ne 0}{ \texttt{mtx} (I)_c} \right )/N \end{array}
    When all the mask elements are 0’s, the function returns Scalar::all(0)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull Scalar *)mean:(nonnull Mat *)src;

    Swift

    class func mean(src: Mat) -> Scalar

    Parameters

    src

    input array that should have from 1 to 4 channels so that the result can be stored in Scalar_ .

  • Calculates the sum of array elements.

    The function cv::sum calculates and returns the sum of array elements, independently for each channel.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull Scalar *)sumElems:(nonnull Mat *)src;

    Swift

    class func sum(src: Mat) -> Scalar

    Parameters

    src

    input array that must have from 1 to 4 channels.

  • Returns the trace of a matrix.

    The function cv::trace returns the sum of the diagonal elements of the matrix mtx .

    \mathrm{tr} ( \texttt{mtx} ) = \sum _i \texttt{mtx} (i,i)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull Scalar *)trace:(nonnull Mat *)mtx;

    Swift

    class func trace(mtx: Mat) -> Scalar

    Parameters

    mtx

    input matrix.

  • Returns full configuration time cmake output.

    Returned value is raw cmake output including version control system revision, compiler version, compiler flags, enabled modules and third party libraries, etc. Output format depends on target architecture.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)getBuildInformation;

    Swift

    class func getBuildInformation() -> String
  • Returns feature name by ID

    Returns empty string if feature is not defined

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)getHardwareFeatureName:(int)feature;

    Swift

    class func getHardwareFeatureName(feature: Int32) -> String
  • Returns library version string

    For example “3.4.1-dev”.

    See

    getMajorVersion, getMinorVersion, getRevisionVersion

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)getVersionString;

    Swift

    class func getVersionString() -> String
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (NSString*)getIppVersion NS_SWIFT_NAME(getIppVersion());

    Swift

    class func getIppVersion() -> String
  • Try to find requested data file

    Search directories:

    1. Directories passed via addSamplesDataSearchPath()
    2. OPENCV_SAMPLES_DATA_PATH_HINT environment variable
    3. OPENCV_SAMPLES_DATA_PATH environment variable If parameter value is not empty and nothing is found then stop searching.
    4. Detects build/install path based on: a. current working directory (CWD) b. and/or binary module location (opencv_core/opencv_world, doesn’t work with static linkage)
    5. Scan <source>/{,data,samples/data} directories if build directory is detected or the current directory is in source tree.
    6. Scan <install>/share/OpenCV directory if install directory is detected.

    See

    cv::utils::findDataFile

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)findFile:(nonnull NSString *)relative_path
                          required:(BOOL)required
                        silentMode:(BOOL)silentMode;

    Swift

    class func findFile(relative_path: String, required: Bool, silentMode: Bool) -> String

    Parameters

    relative_path

    Relative path to data file

    required

    Specify “file not found” handling. If true, function prints information message and raises cv::Exception. If false, function returns empty result

    silentMode

    Disables messages

    Return Value

    Returns path (absolute or relative to the current directory) or empty string if file is not found

  • Try to find requested data file

    Search directories:

    1. Directories passed via addSamplesDataSearchPath()
    2. OPENCV_SAMPLES_DATA_PATH_HINT environment variable
    3. OPENCV_SAMPLES_DATA_PATH environment variable If parameter value is not empty and nothing is found then stop searching.
    4. Detects build/install path based on: a. current working directory (CWD) b. and/or binary module location (opencv_core/opencv_world, doesn’t work with static linkage)
    5. Scan <source>/{,data,samples/data} directories if build directory is detected or the current directory is in source tree.
    6. Scan <install>/share/OpenCV directory if install directory is detected.

    See

    cv::utils::findDataFile

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)findFile:(nonnull NSString *)relative_path
                          required:(BOOL)required;

    Swift

    class func findFile(relative_path: String, required: Bool) -> String

    Parameters

    relative_path

    Relative path to data file

    required

    Specify “file not found” handling. If true, function prints information message and raises cv::Exception. If false, function returns empty result

    Return Value

    Returns path (absolute or relative to the current directory) or empty string if file is not found

  • Try to find requested data file

    Search directories:

    1. Directories passed via addSamplesDataSearchPath()
    2. OPENCV_SAMPLES_DATA_PATH_HINT environment variable
    3. OPENCV_SAMPLES_DATA_PATH environment variable If parameter value is not empty and nothing is found then stop searching.
    4. Detects build/install path based on: a. current working directory (CWD) b. and/or binary module location (opencv_core/opencv_world, doesn’t work with static linkage)
    5. Scan <source>/{,data,samples/data} directories if build directory is detected or the current directory is in source tree.
    6. Scan <install>/share/OpenCV directory if install directory is detected.

    See

    cv::utils::findDataFile

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)findFile:(nonnull NSString *)relative_path;

    Swift

    class func findFile(relative_path: String) -> String

    Parameters

    relative_path

    Relative path to data file If true, function prints information message and raises cv::Exception. If false, function returns empty result

    Return Value

    Returns path (absolute or relative to the current directory) or empty string if file is not found

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (NSString*)findFileOrKeep:(NSString*)relative_path silentMode:(BOOL)silentMode NS_SWIFT_NAME(findFileOrKeep(relative_path:silentMode:));

    Swift

    class func findFileOrKeep(relative_path: String, silentMode: Bool) -> String
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (NSString*)findFileOrKeep:(NSString*)relative_path NS_SWIFT_NAME(findFileOrKeep(relative_path:));

    Swift

    class func findFileOrKeep(relative_path: String) -> String
  • Checks every element of an input array for invalid values.

    The function cv::checkRange checks that every array element is neither NaN nor infinite. When minVal > -DBL_MAX and maxVal < DBL_MAX, the function also checks that each value is between minVal and maxVal. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. If some values are out of range, position of the first outlier is stored in pos (when pos != NULL). Then, the function either returns false (when quiet=true) or throws an exception.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)checkRange:(nonnull Mat *)a
                 quiet:(BOOL)quiet
                minVal:(double)minVal
                maxVal:(double)maxVal;

    Swift

    class func checkRange(a: Mat, quiet: Bool, minVal: Double, maxVal: Double) -> Bool

    Parameters

    a

    input array.

    quiet

    a flag, indicating whether the functions quietly return false when the array elements are out of range or they throw an exception.

    pos

    optional output parameter, when not NULL, must be a pointer to array of src.dims elements.

    minVal

    inclusive lower boundary of valid values range.

    maxVal

    exclusive upper boundary of valid values range.

  • Checks every element of an input array for invalid values.

    The function cv::checkRange checks that every array element is neither NaN nor infinite. When minVal > -DBL_MAX and maxVal < DBL_MAX, the function also checks that each value is between minVal and maxVal. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. If some values are out of range, position of the first outlier is stored in pos (when pos != NULL). Then, the function either returns false (when quiet=true) or throws an exception.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)checkRange:(nonnull Mat *)a quiet:(BOOL)quiet minVal:(double)minVal;

    Swift

    class func checkRange(a: Mat, quiet: Bool, minVal: Double) -> Bool

    Parameters

    a

    input array.

    quiet

    a flag, indicating whether the functions quietly return false when the array elements are out of range or they throw an exception.

    pos

    optional output parameter, when not NULL, must be a pointer to array of src.dims elements.

    minVal

    inclusive lower boundary of valid values range.

  • Checks every element of an input array for invalid values.

    The function cv::checkRange checks that every array element is neither NaN nor infinite. When minVal > -DBL_MAX and maxVal < DBL_MAX, the function also checks that each value is between minVal and maxVal. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. If some values are out of range, position of the first outlier is stored in pos (when pos != NULL). Then, the function either returns false (when quiet=true) or throws an exception.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)checkRange:(nonnull Mat *)a quiet:(BOOL)quiet;

    Swift

    class func checkRange(a: Mat, quiet: Bool) -> Bool

    Parameters

    a

    input array.

    quiet

    a flag, indicating whether the functions quietly return false when the array elements are out of range or they throw an exception.

    pos

    optional output parameter, when not NULL, must be a pointer to array of src.dims elements.

  • Checks every element of an input array for invalid values.

    The function cv::checkRange checks that every array element is neither NaN nor infinite. When minVal > -DBL_MAX and maxVal < DBL_MAX, the function also checks that each value is between minVal and maxVal. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. If some values are out of range, position of the first outlier is stored in pos (when pos != NULL). Then, the function either returns false (when quiet=true) or throws an exception.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)checkRange:(nonnull Mat *)a;

    Swift

    class func checkRange(a: Mat) -> Bool

    Parameters

    a

    input array. are out of range or they throw an exception. elements.

  • Calculates eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix.

    The function cv::eigen calculates just eigenvalues, or eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the symmetric matrix src:

     src*eigenvectors.row(i).t() = eigenvalues.at<srcType>(i)*eigenvectors.row(i).t()
    

    Note

    Use cv::eigenNonSymmetric for calculation of real eigenvalues and eigenvectors of non-symmetric matrix.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)eigen:(nonnull Mat *)src
         eigenvalues:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvalues
        eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors;

    Swift

    class func eigen(src: Mat, eigenvalues: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat) -> Bool

    Parameters

    src

    input matrix that must have CV_32FC1 or CV_64FC1 type, square size and be symmetrical (src ^T^ == src).

    eigenvalues

    output vector of eigenvalues of the same type as src; the eigenvalues are stored in the descending order.

    eigenvectors

    output matrix of eigenvectors; it has the same size and type as src; the eigenvectors are stored as subsequent matrix rows, in the same order as the corresponding eigenvalues.

  • Calculates eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix.

    The function cv::eigen calculates just eigenvalues, or eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the symmetric matrix src:

     src*eigenvectors.row(i).t() = eigenvalues.at<srcType>(i)*eigenvectors.row(i).t()
    

    Note

    Use cv::eigenNonSymmetric for calculation of real eigenvalues and eigenvectors of non-symmetric matrix.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)eigen:(nonnull Mat *)src eigenvalues:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvalues;

    Swift

    class func eigen(src: Mat, eigenvalues: Mat) -> Bool

    Parameters

    src

    input matrix that must have CV_32FC1 or CV_64FC1 type, square size and be symmetrical (src ^T^ == src).

    eigenvalues

    output vector of eigenvalues of the same type as src; the eigenvalues are stored in the descending order. eigenvectors are stored as subsequent matrix rows, in the same order as the corresponding eigenvalues.

  • Solves one or more linear systems or least-squares problems.

    The function cv::solve solves a linear system or least-squares problem (the latter is possible with SVD or QR methods, or by specifying the flag #DECOMP_NORMAL ):

    \texttt{dst} = \arg \min _X \| \texttt{src1} \cdot \texttt{X} - \texttt{src2} \|

    If #DECOMP_LU or #DECOMP_CHOLESKY method is used, the function returns 1 if src1 (or

    \texttt{src1}^T\texttt{src1}
    ) is non-singular. Otherwise, it returns 0. In the latter case, dst is not valid. Other methods find a pseudo-solution in case of a singular left-hand side part.

    Note

    If you want to find a unity-norm solution of an under-defined singular system

    \texttt{src1}\cdot\texttt{dst}=0
    , the function solve will not do the work. Use SVD::solveZ instead.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)solve:(nonnull Mat *)src1
             src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
              dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
            flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func solve(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32) -> Bool
  • Solves one or more linear systems or least-squares problems.

    The function cv::solve solves a linear system or least-squares problem (the latter is possible with SVD or QR methods, or by specifying the flag #DECOMP_NORMAL ):

    \texttt{dst} = \arg \min _X \| \texttt{src1} \cdot \texttt{X} - \texttt{src2} \|

    If #DECOMP_LU or #DECOMP_CHOLESKY method is used, the function returns 1 if src1 (or

    \texttt{src1}^T\texttt{src1}
    ) is non-singular. Otherwise, it returns 0. In the latter case, dst is not valid. Other methods find a pseudo-solution in case of a singular left-hand side part.

    Note

    If you want to find a unity-norm solution of an under-defined singular system

    \texttt{src1}\cdot\texttt{dst}=0
    , the function solve will not do the work. Use SVD::solveZ instead.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)solve:(nonnull Mat *)src1
             src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
              dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func solve(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat) -> Bool
  • proxy for hal::Cholesky

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)useIPP;

    Swift

    class func useIPP() -> Bool
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (BOOL)useIPP_NotExact NS_SWIFT_NAME(useIPP_NotExact());

    Swift

    class func useIPP_NotExact() -> Bool
  • Calculates the Mahalanobis distance between two vectors.

    The function cv::Mahalanobis calculates and returns the weighted distance between two vectors:

    d( \texttt{vec1} , \texttt{vec2} )= \sqrt{\sum_{i,j}{\texttt{icovar(i,j)}\cdot(\texttt{vec1}(I)-\texttt{vec2}(I))\cdot(\texttt{vec1(j)}-\texttt{vec2(j)})} }
    The covariance matrix may be calculated using the #calcCovarMatrix function and then inverted using the invert function (preferably using the #DECOMP_SVD method, as the most accurate).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)Mahalanobis:(nonnull Mat *)v1
                       v2:(nonnull Mat *)v2
                   icovar:(nonnull Mat *)icovar;

    Swift

    class func Mahalanobis(v1: Mat, v2: Mat, icovar: Mat) -> Double
  • Computes the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) image quality metric.

    This function calculates the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) image quality metric in decibels (dB), between two input arrays src1 and src2. The arrays must have the same type.

    The PSNR is calculated as follows:

    \texttt{PSNR} = 10 \cdot \log_{10}{\left( \frac{R^2}{MSE} \right) }

    where R is the maximum integer value of depth (e.g. 255 in the case of CV_8U data) and MSE is the mean squared error between the two arrays.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)PSNR:(nonnull Mat *)src1 src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2 R:(double)R;

    Swift

    class func PSNR(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, R: Double) -> Double
  • Computes the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) image quality metric.

    This function calculates the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) image quality metric in decibels (dB), between two input arrays src1 and src2. The arrays must have the same type.

    The PSNR is calculated as follows:

    \texttt{PSNR} = 10 \cdot \log_{10}{\left( \frac{R^2}{MSE} \right) }

    where R is the maximum integer value of depth (e.g. 255 in the case of CV_8U data) and MSE is the mean squared error between the two arrays.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)PSNR:(nonnull Mat *)src1 src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2;

    Swift

    class func PSNR(src1: Mat, src2: Mat) -> Double
  • Returns the determinant of a square floating-point matrix.

    The function cv::determinant calculates and returns the determinant of the specified matrix. For small matrices ( mtx.cols=mtx.rows<=3 ), the direct method is used. For larger matrices, the function uses LU factorization with partial pivoting.

    For symmetric positively-determined matrices, it is also possible to use eigen decomposition to calculate the determinant.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)determinant:(nonnull Mat *)mtx;

    Swift

    class func determinant(mtx: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    mtx

    input matrix that must have CV_32FC1 or CV_64FC1 type and square size.

  • Returns the number of ticks per second.

    The function returns the number of ticks per second. That is, the following code computes the execution time in seconds:

     double t = (double)getTickCount();
     // do something ...
     t = ((double)getTickCount() - t)/getTickFrequency();
    

    See

    +getTickCount:, TickMeter

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)getTickFrequency;

    Swift

    class func getTickFrequency() -> Double
  • Finds the inverse or pseudo-inverse of a matrix.

    The function cv::invert inverts the matrix src and stores the result in dst . When the matrix src is singular or non-square, the function calculates the pseudo-inverse matrix (the dst matrix) so that norm(src*dst - I) is minimal, where I is an identity matrix.

    In case of the #DECOMP_LU method, the function returns non-zero value if the inverse has been successfully calculated and 0 if src is singular.

    In case of the #DECOMP_SVD method, the function returns the inverse condition number of src (the ratio of the smallest singular value to the largest singular value) and 0 if src is singular. The SVD method calculates a pseudo-inverse matrix if src is singular.

    Similarly to #DECOMP_LU, the method #DECOMP_CHOLESKY works only with non-singular square matrices that should also be symmetrical and positively defined. In this case, the function stores the inverted matrix in dst and returns non-zero. Otherwise, it returns 0.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)invert:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func invert(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32) -> Double

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point M x N matrix.

    dst

    output matrix of N x M size and the same type as src.

    flags

    inversion method (cv::DecompTypes)

  • Finds the inverse or pseudo-inverse of a matrix.

    The function cv::invert inverts the matrix src and stores the result in dst . When the matrix src is singular or non-square, the function calculates the pseudo-inverse matrix (the dst matrix) so that norm(src*dst - I) is minimal, where I is an identity matrix.

    In case of the #DECOMP_LU method, the function returns non-zero value if the inverse has been successfully calculated and 0 if src is singular.

    In case of the #DECOMP_SVD method, the function returns the inverse condition number of src (the ratio of the smallest singular value to the largest singular value) and 0 if src is singular. The SVD method calculates a pseudo-inverse matrix if src is singular.

    Similarly to #DECOMP_LU, the method #DECOMP_CHOLESKY works only with non-singular square matrices that should also be symmetrical and positively defined. In this case, the function stores the inverted matrix in dst and returns non-zero. Otherwise, it returns 0.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)invert:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func invert(src: Mat, dst: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point M x N matrix.

    dst

    output matrix of N x M size and the same type as src.

  • Finds centers of clusters and groups input samples around the clusters.

    The function kmeans implements a k-means algorithm that finds the centers of cluster_count clusters and groups the input samples around the clusters. As an output,

    \texttt{bestLabels}_i
    contains a 0-based cluster index for the sample stored in the
    i^{th}
    row of the samples matrix.

    @note

    • (Python) An example on K-means clustering can be found at opencv_source_code/samples/python/kmeans.py
    • Mat points(count, 2, CV_32F);
    • Mat points(count, 1, CV_32FC2);
    • Mat points(1, count, CV_32FC2);
    • std::vector<cv::Point2f> points(sampleCount);

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)kmeans:(nonnull Mat *)data
                   K:(int)K
          bestLabels:(nonnull Mat *)bestLabels
            criteria:(nonnull TermCriteria *)criteria
            attempts:(int)attempts
               flags:(int)flags
             centers:(nonnull Mat *)centers;

    Swift

    class func kmeans(data: Mat, K: Int32, bestLabels: Mat, criteria: TermCriteria, attempts: Int32, flags: Int32, centers: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    data

    Data for clustering. An array of N-Dimensional points with float coordinates is needed. Examples of this array can be:

    K

    Number of clusters to split the set by.

    bestLabels

    Input/output integer array that stores the cluster indices for every sample.

    criteria

    The algorithm termination criteria, that is, the maximum number of iterations and/or the desired accuracy. The accuracy is specified as criteria.epsilon. As soon as each of the cluster centers moves by less than criteria.epsilon on some iteration, the algorithm stops.

    attempts

    Flag to specify the number of times the algorithm is executed using different initial labellings. The algorithm returns the labels that yield the best compactness (see the last function parameter).

    flags

    Flag that can take values of cv::KmeansFlags

    centers

    Output matrix of the cluster centers, one row per each cluster center.

    Return Value

    The function returns the compactness measure that is computed as

    \sum _i \| \texttt{samples} _i - \texttt{centers} _{ \texttt{labels} _i} \| ^2
    after every attempt. The best (minimum) value is chosen and the corresponding labels and the compactness value are returned by the function. Basically, you can use only the core of the function, set the number of attempts to 1, initialize labels each time using a custom algorithm, pass them with the ( flags = #KMEANS_USE_INITIAL_LABELS ) flag, and then choose the best (most-compact) clustering.

  • Finds centers of clusters and groups input samples around the clusters.

    The function kmeans implements a k-means algorithm that finds the centers of cluster_count clusters and groups the input samples around the clusters. As an output,

    \texttt{bestLabels}_i
    contains a 0-based cluster index for the sample stored in the
    i^{th}
    row of the samples matrix.

    @note

    • (Python) An example on K-means clustering can be found at opencv_source_code/samples/python/kmeans.py
    • Mat points(count, 2, CV_32F);
    • Mat points(count, 1, CV_32FC2);
    • Mat points(1, count, CV_32FC2);
    • std::vector<cv::Point2f> points(sampleCount);

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)kmeans:(nonnull Mat *)data
                   K:(int)K
          bestLabels:(nonnull Mat *)bestLabels
            criteria:(nonnull TermCriteria *)criteria
            attempts:(int)attempts
               flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func kmeans(data: Mat, K: Int32, bestLabels: Mat, criteria: TermCriteria, attempts: Int32, flags: Int32) -> Double

    Parameters

    data

    Data for clustering. An array of N-Dimensional points with float coordinates is needed. Examples of this array can be:

    K

    Number of clusters to split the set by.

    bestLabels

    Input/output integer array that stores the cluster indices for every sample.

    criteria

    The algorithm termination criteria, that is, the maximum number of iterations and/or the desired accuracy. The accuracy is specified as criteria.epsilon. As soon as each of the cluster centers moves by less than criteria.epsilon on some iteration, the algorithm stops.

    attempts

    Flag to specify the number of times the algorithm is executed using different initial labellings. The algorithm returns the labels that yield the best compactness (see the last function parameter).

    flags

    Flag that can take values of cv::KmeansFlags

    Return Value

    The function returns the compactness measure that is computed as

    \sum _i \| \texttt{samples} _i - \texttt{centers} _{ \texttt{labels} _i} \| ^2
    after every attempt. The best (minimum) value is chosen and the corresponding labels and the compactness value are returned by the function. Basically, you can use only the core of the function, set the number of attempts to 1, initialize labels each time using a custom algorithm, pass them with the ( flags = #KMEANS_USE_INITIAL_LABELS ) flag, and then choose the best (most-compact) clustering.

  • Calculates an absolute difference norm or a relative difference norm.

    This version of cv::norm calculates the absolute difference norm or the relative difference norm of arrays src1 and src2. The type of norm to calculate is specified using #NormTypes.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)norm:(nonnull Mat *)src1
              src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
          normType:(NormTypes)normType
              mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func norm(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, normType: NormTypes, mask: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and the same type as src1.

    normType

    type of the norm (see #NormTypes).

    mask

    optional operation mask; it must have the same size as src1 and CV_8UC1 type.

  • Calculates an absolute difference norm or a relative difference norm.

    This version of cv::norm calculates the absolute difference norm or the relative difference norm of arrays src1 and src2. The type of norm to calculate is specified using #NormTypes.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)norm:(nonnull Mat *)src1
              src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
          normType:(NormTypes)normType;

    Swift

    class func norm(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, normType: NormTypes) -> Double

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and the same type as src1.

    normType

    type of the norm (see #NormTypes).

  • Calculates an absolute difference norm or a relative difference norm.

    This version of cv::norm calculates the absolute difference norm or the relative difference norm of arrays src1 and src2. The type of norm to calculate is specified using #NormTypes.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)norm:(nonnull Mat *)src1 src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2;

    Swift

    class func norm(src1: Mat, src2: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and the same type as src1.

  • Calculates the absolute norm of an array.

    This version of #norm calculates the absolute norm of src1. The type of norm to calculate is specified using #NormTypes.

    As example for one array consider the function

    r(x)= \begin{pmatrix} x \ 1-x \end{pmatrix}, x \in [-1;1]
    . The
    L_{1}, L_{2}
    and
    L_{\infty}
    norm for the sample value
    r(-1) = \begin{pmatrix} -1 \ 2 \end{pmatrix}
    is calculated as follows
    \begin{aligned} \| r(-1) \|_{L_1} &= |-1| + |2| = 3 \ \| r(-1) \|_{L_2} &= \sqrt{(-1)^{2} + (2)^{2}} = \sqrt{5} \ \| r(-1) \|_{L_\infty} &= \max(|-1|,|2|) = 2 \end{aligned}
    and for
    r(0.5) = \begin{pmatrix} 0.5 \ 0.5 \end{pmatrix}
    the calculation is
    \begin{aligned} \| r(0.5) \|_{L_1} &= |0.5| + |0.5| = 1 \ \| r(0.5) \|_{L_2} &= \sqrt{(0.5)^{2} + (0.5)^{2}} = \sqrt{0.5} \ \| r(0.5) \|_{L_\infty} &= \max(|0.5|,|0.5|) = 0.5. \end{aligned}
    The following graphic shows all values for the three norm functions
    \| r(x) \|_{L_1}, \| r(x) \|_{L_2}
    and
    \| r(x) \|_{L_\infty}
    . It is notable that the
    L_{1}
    norm forms the upper and the
    L_{\infty}
    norm forms the lower border for the example function
    r(x)
    . Graphs for the different norm functions from the above example

    When the mask parameter is specified and it is not empty, the norm is

    If normType is not specified, #NORM_L2 is used. calculated only over the region specified by the mask.

    Multi-channel input arrays are treated as single-channel arrays, that is, the results for all channels are combined.

    Hamming norms can only be calculated with CV_8U depth arrays.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)norm:(nonnull Mat *)src1
          normType:(NormTypes)normType
              mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func norm(src1: Mat, normType: NormTypes, mask: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    normType

    type of the norm (see #NormTypes).

    mask

    optional operation mask; it must have the same size as src1 and CV_8UC1 type.

  • Calculates the absolute norm of an array.

    This version of #norm calculates the absolute norm of src1. The type of norm to calculate is specified using #NormTypes.

    As example for one array consider the function

    r(x)= \begin{pmatrix} x \ 1-x \end{pmatrix}, x \in [-1;1]
    . The
    L_{1}, L_{2}
    and
    L_{\infty}
    norm for the sample value
    r(-1) = \begin{pmatrix} -1 \ 2 \end{pmatrix}
    is calculated as follows
    \begin{aligned} \| r(-1) \|_{L_1} &= |-1| + |2| = 3 \ \| r(-1) \|_{L_2} &= \sqrt{(-1)^{2} + (2)^{2}} = \sqrt{5} \ \| r(-1) \|_{L_\infty} &= \max(|-1|,|2|) = 2 \end{aligned}
    and for
    r(0.5) = \begin{pmatrix} 0.5 \ 0.5 \end{pmatrix}
    the calculation is
    \begin{aligned} \| r(0.5) \|_{L_1} &= |0.5| + |0.5| = 1 \ \| r(0.5) \|_{L_2} &= \sqrt{(0.5)^{2} + (0.5)^{2}} = \sqrt{0.5} \ \| r(0.5) \|_{L_\infty} &= \max(|0.5|,|0.5|) = 0.5. \end{aligned}
    The following graphic shows all values for the three norm functions
    \| r(x) \|_{L_1}, \| r(x) \|_{L_2}
    and
    \| r(x) \|_{L_\infty}
    . It is notable that the
    L_{1}
    norm forms the upper and the
    L_{\infty}
    norm forms the lower border for the example function
    r(x)
    . Graphs for the different norm functions from the above example

    When the mask parameter is specified and it is not empty, the norm is

    If normType is not specified, #NORM_L2 is used. calculated only over the region specified by the mask.

    Multi-channel input arrays are treated as single-channel arrays, that is, the results for all channels are combined.

    Hamming norms can only be calculated with CV_8U depth arrays.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)norm:(nonnull Mat *)src1 normType:(NormTypes)normType;

    Swift

    class func norm(src1: Mat, normType: NormTypes) -> Double

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    normType

    type of the norm (see #NormTypes).

  • Calculates the absolute norm of an array.

    This version of #norm calculates the absolute norm of src1. The type of norm to calculate is specified using #NormTypes.

    As example for one array consider the function

    r(x)= \begin{pmatrix} x \ 1-x \end{pmatrix}, x \in [-1;1]
    . The
    L_{1}, L_{2}
    and
    L_{\infty}
    norm for the sample value
    r(-1) = \begin{pmatrix} -1 \ 2 \end{pmatrix}
    is calculated as follows
    \begin{aligned} \| r(-1) \|_{L_1} &= |-1| + |2| = 3 \ \| r(-1) \|_{L_2} &= \sqrt{(-1)^{2} + (2)^{2}} = \sqrt{5} \ \| r(-1) \|_{L_\infty} &= \max(|-1|,|2|) = 2 \end{aligned}
    and for
    r(0.5) = \begin{pmatrix} 0.5 \ 0.5 \end{pmatrix}
    the calculation is
    \begin{aligned} \| r(0.5) \|_{L_1} &= |0.5| + |0.5| = 1 \ \| r(0.5) \|_{L_2} &= \sqrt{(0.5)^{2} + (0.5)^{2}} = \sqrt{0.5} \ \| r(0.5) \|_{L_\infty} &= \max(|0.5|,|0.5|) = 0.5. \end{aligned}
    The following graphic shows all values for the three norm functions
    \| r(x) \|_{L_1}, \| r(x) \|_{L_2}
    and
    \| r(x) \|_{L_\infty}
    . It is notable that the
    L_{1}
    norm forms the upper and the
    L_{\infty}
    norm forms the lower border for the example function
    r(x)
    . Graphs for the different norm functions from the above example

    When the mask parameter is specified and it is not empty, the norm is

    If normType is not specified, #NORM_L2 is used. calculated only over the region specified by the mask.

    Multi-channel input arrays are treated as single-channel arrays, that is, the results for all channels are combined.

    Hamming norms can only be calculated with CV_8U depth arrays.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)norm:(nonnull Mat *)src1;

    Swift

    class func norm(src1: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

  • Finds the real or complex roots of a polynomial equation.

    The function cv::solvePoly finds real and complex roots of a polynomial equation:

    \texttt{coeffs} [n] x^{n} + \texttt{coeffs} [n-1] x^{n-1} + … + \texttt{coeffs} [1] x + \texttt{coeffs} [0] = 0

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)solvePoly:(nonnull Mat *)coeffs
                  roots:(nonnull Mat *)roots
               maxIters:(int)maxIters;

    Swift

    class func solvePoly(coeffs: Mat, roots: Mat, maxIters: Int32) -> Double

    Parameters

    coeffs

    array of polynomial coefficients.

    roots

    output (complex) array of roots.

    maxIters

    maximum number of iterations the algorithm does.

  • Finds the real or complex roots of a polynomial equation.

    The function cv::solvePoly finds real and complex roots of a polynomial equation:

    \texttt{coeffs} [n] x^{n} + \texttt{coeffs} [n-1] x^{n-1} + … + \texttt{coeffs} [1] x + \texttt{coeffs} [0] = 0

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (double)solvePoly:(nonnull Mat *)coeffs roots:(nonnull Mat *)roots;

    Swift

    class func solvePoly(coeffs: Mat, roots: Mat) -> Double

    Parameters

    coeffs

    array of polynomial coefficients.

    roots

    output (complex) array of roots.

  • Computes the cube root of an argument.

    The function cubeRoot computes

    \sqrt[3]{\texttt{val}}
    . Negative arguments are handled correctly. NaN and Inf are not handled. The accuracy approaches the maximum possible accuracy for single-precision data.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (float)cubeRoot:(float)val;

    Swift

    class func cubeRoot(val: Float) -> Float

    Parameters

    val

    A function argument.

  • Calculates the angle of a 2D vector in degrees.

    The function fastAtan2 calculates the full-range angle of an input 2D vector. The angle is measured in degrees and varies from 0 to 360 degrees. The accuracy is about 0.3 degrees.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (float)fastAtan2:(float)y x:(float)x;

    Swift

    class func fastAtan2(y: Float, x: Float) -> Float

    Parameters

    x

    x-coordinate of the vector.

    y

    y-coordinate of the vector.

  • Computes the source location of an extrapolated pixel.

    The function computes and returns the coordinate of a donor pixel corresponding to the specified extrapolated pixel when using the specified extrapolation border mode. For example, if you use cv::BORDER_WRAP mode in the horizontal direction, cv::BORDER_REFLECT_101 in the vertical direction and want to compute value of the “virtual” pixel Point(-5, 100) in a floating-point image img , it looks like:

     float val = img.at<float>(borderInterpolate(100, img.rows, cv::BORDER_REFLECT_101),
                               borderInterpolate(-5, img.cols, cv::BORDER_WRAP));
    

    Normally, the function is not called directly. It is used inside filtering functions and also in copyMakeBorder.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)borderInterpolate:(int)p len:(int)len borderType:(BorderTypes)borderType;

    Swift

    class func borderInterpolate(p: Int32, len: Int32, borderType: BorderTypes) -> Int32

    Parameters

    p

    0-based coordinate of the extrapolated pixel along one of the axes, likely <0 or >= len

    len

    Length of the array along the corresponding axis.

    borderType

    Border type, one of the #BorderTypes, except for #BORDER_TRANSPARENT and

    BORDER_ISOLATED . When borderType==#BORDER_CONSTANT , the function always returns -1, regardless

    of p and len.

  • Counts non-zero array elements.

    The function returns the number of non-zero elements in src :

    \sum _{I: \; \texttt{src} (I) \ne0 } 1

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)countNonZero:(nonnull Mat *)src;

    Swift

    class func countNonZero(src: Mat) -> Int32

    Parameters

    src

    single-channel array.

  • Returns the number of threads used by OpenCV for parallel regions.

    Always returns 1 if OpenCV is built without threading support.

    The exact meaning of return value depends on the threading framework used by OpenCV library:

    • TBB - The number of threads, that OpenCV will try to use for parallel regions. If there is any tbb::thread_scheduler_init in user code conflicting with OpenCV, then function returns default number of threads used by TBB library.
    • OpenMP - An upper bound on the number of threads that could be used to form a new team.
    • Concurrency - The number of threads, that OpenCV will try to use for parallel regions.
    • GCD - Unsupported; returns the GCD thread pool limit (512) for compatibility.
    • C= - The number of threads, that OpenCV will try to use for parallel regions, if before called setNumThreads with threads > 0, otherwise returns the number of logical CPUs, available for the process.

    See

    +setNumThreads:, +getThreadNum:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getNumThreads;

    Swift

    class func getNumThreads() -> Int32
  • Returns the number of logical CPUs available for the process.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getNumberOfCPUs;

    Swift

    class func getNumberOfCPUs() -> Int32
  • Returns the optimal DFT size for a given vector size.

    DFT performance is not a monotonic function of a vector size. Therefore, when you calculate convolution of two arrays or perform the spectral analysis of an array, it usually makes sense to pad the input data with zeros to get a bit larger array that can be transformed much faster than the original one. Arrays whose size is a power-of-two (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, …) are the fastest to process. Though, the arrays whose size is a product of 2’s, 3’s, and 5’s (for example, 300 = 5*5*3*2*2) are also processed quite efficiently.

    The function cv::getOptimalDFTSize returns the minimum number N that is greater than or equal to vecsize so that the DFT of a vector of size N can be processed efficiently. In the current implementation N = 2 ^p^ * 3 ^q^ * 5 ^r^ for some integer p, q, r.

    The function returns a negative number if vecsize is too large (very close to INT_MAX ).

    While the function cannot be used directly to estimate the optimal vector size for DCT transform (since the current DCT implementation supports only even-size vectors), it can be easily processed as getOptimalDFTSize((vecsize+1)/2)*2.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getOptimalDFTSize:(int)vecsize;

    Swift

    class func getOptimalDFTSize(vecsize: Int32) -> Int32

    Parameters

    vecsize

    vector size.

  • Deprecated

    Returns the index of the currently executed thread within the current parallel region. Always returns 0 if called outside of parallel region.

    @deprecated Current implementation doesn’t corresponding to this documentation.

    The exact meaning of the return value depends on the threading framework used by OpenCV library:

    • TBB - Unsupported with current 4.1 TBB release. Maybe will be supported in future.
    • OpenMP - The thread number, within the current team, of the calling thread.
    • Concurrency - An ID for the virtual processor that the current context is executing on (0 for master thread and unique number for others, but not necessary 1,2,3,…).
    • GCD - System calling thread’s ID. Never returns 0 inside parallel region.
    • C= - The index of the current parallel task.

    See

    +setNumThreads:, +getNumThreads:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getThreadNum;

    Swift

    class func getThreadNum() -> Int32
  • Returns major library version

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getVersionMajor;

    Swift

    class func getVersionMajor() -> Int32
  • Returns minor library version

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getVersionMinor;

    Swift

    class func getVersionMinor() -> Int32
  • Returns revision field of the library version

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)getVersionRevision;

    Swift

    class func getVersionRevision() -> Int32
  • Finds the real roots of a cubic equation.

    The function solveCubic finds the real roots of a cubic equation:

    • if coeffs is a 4-element vector:
      \texttt{coeffs} [0] x^3 + \texttt{coeffs} [1] x^2 + \texttt{coeffs} [2] x + \texttt{coeffs} [3] = 0
    • if coeffs is a 3-element vector:
      x^3 + \texttt{coeffs} [0] x^2 + \texttt{coeffs} [1] x + \texttt{coeffs} [2] = 0

    The roots are stored in the roots array.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (int)solveCubic:(nonnull Mat *)coeffs roots:(nonnull Mat *)roots;

    Swift

    class func solveCubic(coeffs: Mat, roots: Mat) -> Int32

    Parameters

    coeffs

    equation coefficients, an array of 3 or 4 elements.

    roots

    output array of real roots that has 1 or 3 elements.

    Return Value

    number of real roots. It can be 0, 1 or 2.

  • Returns the number of CPU ticks.

    The function returns the current number of CPU ticks on some architectures (such as x86, x64, PowerPC). On other platforms the function is equivalent to getTickCount. It can also be used for very accurate time measurements, as well as for RNG initialization. Note that in case of multi-CPU systems a thread, from which getCPUTickCount is called, can be suspended and resumed at another CPU with its own counter. So, theoretically (and practically) the subsequent calls to the function do not necessary return the monotonously increasing values. Also, since a modern CPU varies the CPU frequency depending on the load, the number of CPU clocks spent in some code cannot be directly converted to time units. Therefore, getTickCount is generally a preferable solution for measuring execution time.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (long)getCPUTickCount;

    Swift

    class func getCPUTickCount() -> Int
  • Returns the number of ticks.

    The function returns the number of ticks after the certain event (for example, when the machine was turned on). It can be used to initialize RNG or to measure a function execution time by reading the tick count before and after the function call.

    See

    +getTickFrequency:, TickMeter

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (long)getTickCount;

    Swift

    class func getTickCount() -> Int
  • Returns list of CPU features enabled during compilation.

    Returned value is a string containing space separated list of CPU features with following markers:

    • no markers - baseline features
    • prefix * - features enabled in dispatcher
    • suffix ? - features enabled but not available in HW

    Example: SSE SSE2 SSE3 *SSE4.1 *SSE4.2 *FP16 *AVX *AVX2 *AVX512-SKX?

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (nonnull NSString *)getCPUFeaturesLine;

    Swift

    class func getCPUFeaturesLine() -> String
  • Performs a look-up table transform of an array.

    The function LUT fills the output array with values from the look-up table. Indices of the entries are taken from the input array. That is, the function processes each element of src as follows:

    \texttt{dst} (I) \leftarrow \texttt{lut(src(I) + d)}
    where
    \newcommand{\fork}[4]{ \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} #1 & \text{#2}\\ #3 & \text{#4}\\ \end{array} \right.} d = \fork{0}{if \(\texttt{src}\) has depth \(\texttt{CV\_8U}\)}{128}{if \(\texttt{src}\) has depth \(\texttt{CV\_8S}\)}

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)LUT:(nonnull Mat *)src lut:(nonnull Mat *)lut dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func LUT(src: Mat, lut: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array of 8-bit elements.

    lut

    look-up table of 256 elements; in case of multi-channel input array, the table should either have a single channel (in this case the same table is used for all channels) or the same number of channels as in the input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and number of channels as src, and the same depth as lut.

  • wrap PCA::backProject

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCABackProject:(nonnull Mat *)data
                      mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
              eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
                    result:(nonnull Mat *)result;

    Swift

    class func PCABackProject(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, result: Mat)
  • wrap PCA::operator() and add eigenvalues output parameter

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCACompute2:(nonnull Mat *)data
                    mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
            eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
             eigenvalues:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvalues
        retainedVariance:(double)retainedVariance;

    Swift

    class func PCACompute(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, eigenvalues: Mat, retainedVariance: Double)
  • wrap PCA::operator() and add eigenvalues output parameter

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCACompute2:(nonnull Mat *)data
                   mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
           eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
            eigenvalues:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvalues
          maxComponents:(int)maxComponents;

    Swift

    class func PCACompute(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, eigenvalues: Mat, maxComponents: Int32)
  • wrap PCA::operator() and add eigenvalues output parameter

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCACompute2:(nonnull Mat *)data
                   mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
           eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
            eigenvalues:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvalues;

    Swift

    class func PCACompute(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, eigenvalues: Mat)
  • wrap PCA::operator()

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCACompute:(nonnull Mat *)data
                    mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
            eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
        retainedVariance:(double)retainedVariance;

    Swift

    class func PCACompute(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, retainedVariance: Double)
  • wrap PCA::operator()

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCACompute:(nonnull Mat *)data
                  mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
          eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
         maxComponents:(int)maxComponents;

    Swift

    class func PCACompute(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, maxComponents: Int32)
  • wrap PCA::operator()

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCACompute:(nonnull Mat *)data
                  mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
          eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors;

    Swift

    class func PCACompute(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat)
  • wrap PCA::project

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)PCAProject:(nonnull Mat *)data
                  mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
          eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors
                result:(nonnull Mat *)result;

    Swift

    class func PCAProject(data: Mat, mean: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat, result: Mat)
  • wrap SVD::backSubst

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)SVBackSubst:(nonnull Mat *)w
                      u:(nonnull Mat *)u
                     vt:(nonnull Mat *)vt
                    rhs:(nonnull Mat *)rhs
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func SVBackSubst(w: Mat, u: Mat, vt: Mat, rhs: Mat, dst: Mat)
  • wrap SVD::compute

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)SVDecomp:(nonnull Mat *)src
                   w:(nonnull Mat *)w
                   u:(nonnull Mat *)u
                  vt:(nonnull Mat *)vt
               flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func SVDecomp(src: Mat, w: Mat, u: Mat, vt: Mat, flags: Int32)
  • wrap SVD::compute

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)SVDecomp:(nonnull Mat *)src
                   w:(nonnull Mat *)w
                   u:(nonnull Mat *)u
                  vt:(nonnull Mat *)vt;

    Swift

    class func SVDecomp(src: Mat, w: Mat, u: Mat, vt: Mat)
  • Calculates the per-element absolute difference between two arrays or between an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::absdiff calculates: Absolute difference between two arrays when they have the same size and type:

    \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} (| \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2}(I)|)
    Absolute difference between an array and a scalar when the second array is constructed from Scalar or has as many elements as the number of channels in src1:
    \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} (| \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2} |)
    Absolute difference between a scalar and an array when the first array is constructed from Scalar or has as many elements as the number of channels in src2:
    \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} (| \texttt{src1} - \texttt{src2}(I) |)
    where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the arrays have the depth CV_32S. You may even get a negative value in the case of overflow.

    See

    cv::abs(const Mat&)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)absdiff:(nonnull Mat *)src1
               src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func absdiff(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as input arrays.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)absdiff:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(absdiff(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func absdiff(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Calculates the per-element sum of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function add calculates:

    • Sum of two arrays when both input arrays have the same size and the same number of channels:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) + \texttt{src2}(I)) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Sum of an array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) + \texttt{src2} ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Sum of a scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} + \texttt{src2}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
      where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    The first function in the list above can be replaced with matrix expressions:

     dst = src1 + src2;
     dst += src1; // equivalent to add(dst, src1, dst);
    

    The input arrays and the output array can all have the same or different depths. For example, you can add a 16-bit unsigned array to a 8-bit signed array and store the sum as a 32-bit floating-point array. Depth of the output array is determined by the dtype parameter. In the second and third cases above, as well as in the first case, when src1.depth() == src2.depth(), dtype can be set to the default -1. In this case, the output array will have the same depth as the input array, be it src1, src2 or both.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)add:(nonnull Mat *)src1
           src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
            dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
           mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask
          dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func add(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and number of channels as the input array(s); the depth is defined by dtype or src1/src2.

    mask

    optional operation mask - 8-bit single channel array, that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

    dtype

    optional depth of the output array (see the discussion below).

  • Calculates the per-element sum of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function add calculates:

    • Sum of two arrays when both input arrays have the same size and the same number of channels:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) + \texttt{src2}(I)) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Sum of an array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) + \texttt{src2} ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Sum of a scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} + \texttt{src2}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
      where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    The first function in the list above can be replaced with matrix expressions:

     dst = src1 + src2;
     dst += src1; // equivalent to add(dst, src1, dst);
    

    The input arrays and the output array can all have the same or different depths. For example, you can add a 16-bit unsigned array to a 8-bit signed array and store the sum as a 32-bit floating-point array. Depth of the output array is determined by the dtype parameter. In the second and third cases above, as well as in the first case, when src1.depth() == src2.depth(), dtype can be set to the default -1. In this case, the output array will have the same depth as the input array, be it src1, src2 or both.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)add:(nonnull Mat *)src1
           src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
            dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
           mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func add(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and number of channels as the input array(s); the depth is defined by dtype or src1/src2.

    mask

    optional operation mask - 8-bit single channel array, that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Calculates the per-element sum of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function add calculates:

    • Sum of two arrays when both input arrays have the same size and the same number of channels:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) + \texttt{src2}(I)) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Sum of an array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) + \texttt{src2} ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Sum of a scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} + \texttt{src2}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
      where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    The first function in the list above can be replaced with matrix expressions:

     dst = src1 + src2;
     dst += src1; // equivalent to add(dst, src1, dst);
    

    The input arrays and the output array can all have the same or different depths. For example, you can add a 16-bit unsigned array to a 8-bit signed array and store the sum as a 32-bit floating-point array. Depth of the output array is determined by the dtype parameter. In the second and third cases above, as well as in the first case, when src1.depth() == src2.depth(), dtype can be set to the default -1. In this case, the output array will have the same depth as the input array, be it src1, src2 or both.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)add:(nonnull Mat *)src1 src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func add(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and number of channels as the input array(s); the depth is defined by dtype or src1/src2. output array to be changed.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)add:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst mask:(Mat*)mask dtype:(int)dtype NS_SWIFT_NAME(add(src1:srcScalar:dst:mask:dtype:));

    Swift

    class func add(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, mask: Mat, dtype: Int32)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)add:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst mask:(Mat*)mask NS_SWIFT_NAME(add(src1:srcScalar:dst:mask:));

    Swift

    class func add(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)add:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(add(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func add(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Calculates the weighted sum of two arrays.

    The function addWeighted calculates the weighted sum of two arrays as follows:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} (I)* \texttt{alpha} + \texttt{src2} (I)* \texttt{beta} + \texttt{gamma} )
    where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. The function can be replaced with a matrix expression:

     dst = src1*alpha + src2*beta + gamma;
    

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)addWeighted:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                  alpha:(double)alpha
                   src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                   beta:(double)beta
                  gamma:(double)gamma
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                  dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func addWeighted(src1: Mat, alpha: Double, src2: Mat, beta: Double, gamma: Double, dst: Mat, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    alpha

    weight of the first array elements.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and channel number as src1.

    beta

    weight of the second array elements.

    gamma

    scalar added to each sum.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and number of channels as the input arrays.

    dtype

    optional depth of the output array; when both input arrays have the same depth, dtype can be set to -1, which will be equivalent to src1.depth().

  • Calculates the weighted sum of two arrays.

    The function addWeighted calculates the weighted sum of two arrays as follows:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} (I)* \texttt{alpha} + \texttt{src2} (I)* \texttt{beta} + \texttt{gamma} )
    where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. The function can be replaced with a matrix expression:

     dst = src1*alpha + src2*beta + gamma;
    

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)addWeighted:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                  alpha:(double)alpha
                   src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                   beta:(double)beta
                  gamma:(double)gamma
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func addWeighted(src1: Mat, alpha: Double, src2: Mat, beta: Double, gamma: Double, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    alpha

    weight of the first array elements.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and channel number as src1.

    beta

    weight of the second array elements.

    gamma

    scalar added to each sum.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and number of channels as the input arrays. can be set to -1, which will be equivalent to src1.depth().

  • naive nearest neighbor finder

    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search TODO: document

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)batchDistance:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                     src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                     dist:(nonnull Mat *)dist
                    dtype:(int)dtype
                     nidx:(nonnull Mat *)nidx
                 normType:(NormTypes)normType
                        K:(int)K
                     mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask
                   update:(int)update
               crosscheck:(BOOL)crosscheck;

    Swift

    class func batchDistance(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dist: Mat, dtype: Int32, nidx: Mat, normType: NormTypes, K: Int32, mask: Mat, update: Int32, crosscheck: Bool)
  • naive nearest neighbor finder

    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search TODO: document

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)batchDistance:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                     src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                     dist:(nonnull Mat *)dist
                    dtype:(int)dtype
                     nidx:(nonnull Mat *)nidx
                 normType:(NormTypes)normType
                        K:(int)K
                     mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask
                   update:(int)update;

    Swift

    class func batchDistance(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dist: Mat, dtype: Int32, nidx: Mat, normType: NormTypes, K: Int32, mask: Mat, update: Int32)
  • naive nearest neighbor finder

    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search TODO: document

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)batchDistance:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                     src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                     dist:(nonnull Mat *)dist
                    dtype:(int)dtype
                     nidx:(nonnull Mat *)nidx
                 normType:(NormTypes)normType
                        K:(int)K
                     mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func batchDistance(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dist: Mat, dtype: Int32, nidx: Mat, normType: NormTypes, K: Int32, mask: Mat)
  • naive nearest neighbor finder

    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search TODO: document

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)batchDistance:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                     src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                     dist:(nonnull Mat *)dist
                    dtype:(int)dtype
                     nidx:(nonnull Mat *)nidx
                 normType:(NormTypes)normType
                        K:(int)K;

    Swift

    class func batchDistance(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dist: Mat, dtype: Int32, nidx: Mat, normType: NormTypes, K: Int32)
  • naive nearest neighbor finder

    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search TODO: document

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)batchDistance:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                     src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                     dist:(nonnull Mat *)dist
                    dtype:(int)dtype
                     nidx:(nonnull Mat *)nidx
                 normType:(NormTypes)normType;

    Swift

    class func batchDistance(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dist: Mat, dtype: Int32, nidx: Mat, normType: NormTypes)
  • naive nearest neighbor finder

    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search TODO: document

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)batchDistance:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                     src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                     dist:(nonnull Mat *)dist
                    dtype:(int)dtype
                     nidx:(nonnull Mat *)nidx;

    Swift

    class func batchDistance(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dist: Mat, dtype: Int32, nidx: Mat)
  • computes bitwise conjunction of the two arrays (dst = src1 & src2) Calculates the per-element bit-wise conjunction of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::bitwise_and calculates the per-element bit-wise logical conjunction for: Two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \wedge \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    An array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \wedge \texttt{src2} \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    A scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \wedge \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    In case of floating-point arrays, their machine-specific bit representations (usually IEEE754-compliant) are used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. In the second and third cases above, the scalar is first converted to the array type.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_and:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                   src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                   mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_and(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input arrays.

    mask

    optional operation mask, 8-bit single channel array, that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • computes bitwise conjunction of the two arrays (dst = src1 & src2) Calculates the per-element bit-wise conjunction of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::bitwise_and calculates the per-element bit-wise logical conjunction for: Two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \wedge \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    An array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \wedge \texttt{src2} \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    A scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \wedge \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    In case of floating-point arrays, their machine-specific bit representations (usually IEEE754-compliant) are used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. In the second and third cases above, the scalar is first converted to the array type.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_and:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                   src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_and(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input arrays. specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Inverts every bit of an array.

    The function cv::bitwise_not calculates per-element bit-wise inversion of the input array:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \neg \texttt{src} (I)
    In case of a floating-point input array, its machine-specific bit representation (usually IEEE754-compliant) is used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_not:(nonnull Mat *)src
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                   mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_not(src: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input array.

    mask

    optional operation mask, 8-bit single channel array, that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Inverts every bit of an array.

    The function cv::bitwise_not calculates per-element bit-wise inversion of the input array:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \neg \texttt{src} (I)
    In case of a floating-point input array, its machine-specific bit representation (usually IEEE754-compliant) is used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_not:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_not(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input array. specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Calculates the per-element bit-wise disjunction of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::bitwise_or calculates the per-element bit-wise logical disjunction for: Two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \vee \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    An array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \vee \texttt{src2} \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    A scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \vee \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    In case of floating-point arrays, their machine-specific bit representations (usually IEEE754-compliant) are used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. In the second and third cases above, the scalar is first converted to the array type.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_or:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                  src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                   dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                  mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_or(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input arrays.

    mask

    optional operation mask, 8-bit single channel array, that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Calculates the per-element bit-wise disjunction of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::bitwise_or calculates the per-element bit-wise logical disjunction for: Two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \vee \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    An array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \vee \texttt{src2} \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    A scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \vee \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    In case of floating-point arrays, their machine-specific bit representations (usually IEEE754-compliant) are used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. In the second and third cases above, the scalar is first converted to the array type.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_or:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                  src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                   dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_or(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input arrays. specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Calculates the per-element bit-wise “exclusive or” operation on two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::bitwise_xor calculates the per-element bit-wise logical “exclusive-or” operation for: Two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \oplus \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    An array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \oplus \texttt{src2} \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    A scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \oplus \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    In case of floating-point arrays, their machine-specific bit representations (usually IEEE754-compliant) are used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. In the 2nd and 3rd cases above, the scalar is first converted to the array type.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_xor:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                   src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                   mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_xor(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input arrays.

    mask

    optional operation mask, 8-bit single channel array, that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Calculates the per-element bit-wise “exclusive or” operation on two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::bitwise_xor calculates the per-element bit-wise logical “exclusive-or” operation for: Two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \oplus \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    An array and a scalar when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \oplus \texttt{src2} \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    A scalar and an array when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \oplus \texttt{src2} (I) \quad \texttt{if mask} (I) \ne0
    In case of floating-point arrays, their machine-specific bit representations (usually IEEE754-compliant) are used for the operation. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. In the 2nd and 3rd cases above, the scalar is first converted to the array type.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)bitwise_xor:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                   src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                    dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func bitwise_xor(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array that has the same size and type as the input arrays. specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Note

    use #COVAR_ROWS or #COVAR_COLS flag

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)calcCovarMatrix:(nonnull Mat *)samples
                      covar:(nonnull Mat *)covar
                       mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
                      flags:(int)flags
                      ctype:(int)ctype;

    Swift

    class func calcCovarMatrix(samples: Mat, covar: Mat, mean: Mat, flags: Int32, ctype: Int32)

    Parameters

    samples

    samples stored as rows/columns of a single matrix.

    covar

    output covariance matrix of the type ctype and square size.

    mean

    input or output (depending on the flags) array as the average value of the input vectors.

    flags

    operation flags as a combination of #CovarFlags

    ctype

    type of the matrixl; it equals ‘CV_64F’ by default.

  • Note

    use #COVAR_ROWS or #COVAR_COLS flag

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)calcCovarMatrix:(nonnull Mat *)samples
                      covar:(nonnull Mat *)covar
                       mean:(nonnull Mat *)mean
                      flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func calcCovarMatrix(samples: Mat, covar: Mat, mean: Mat, flags: Int32)

    Parameters

    samples

    samples stored as rows/columns of a single matrix.

    covar

    output covariance matrix of the type ctype and square size.

    mean

    input or output (depending on the flags) array as the average value of the input vectors.

    flags

    operation flags as a combination of #CovarFlags

  • Calculates the magnitude and angle of 2D vectors.

    The function cv::cartToPolar calculates either the magnitude, angle, or both for every 2D vector (x(I),y(I)):

    \begin{array}{l} \texttt{magnitude} (I)= \sqrt{\texttt{x}(I)^2+\texttt{y}(I)^2} , \ \texttt{angle} (I)= \texttt{atan2} ( \texttt{y} (I), \texttt{x} (I))[ \cdot180 / \pi ] \end{array}

    The angles are calculated with accuracy about 0.3 degrees. For the point (0,0), the angle is set to 0.

    See

    Sobel, Scharr

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)cartToPolar:(nonnull Mat *)x
                      y:(nonnull Mat *)y
              magnitude:(nonnull Mat *)magnitude
                  angle:(nonnull Mat *)angle
         angleInDegrees:(BOOL)angleInDegrees;

    Swift

    class func cartToPolar(x: Mat, y: Mat, magnitude: Mat, angle: Mat, angleInDegrees: Bool)

    Parameters

    x

    array of x-coordinates; this must be a single-precision or double-precision floating-point array.

    y

    array of y-coordinates, that must have the same size and same type as x.

    magnitude

    output array of magnitudes of the same size and type as x.

    angle

    output array of angles that has the same size and type as x; the angles are measured in radians (from 0 to 2*Pi) or in degrees (0 to 360 degrees).

    angleInDegrees

    a flag, indicating whether the angles are measured in radians (which is by default), or in degrees.

  • Calculates the magnitude and angle of 2D vectors.

    The function cv::cartToPolar calculates either the magnitude, angle, or both for every 2D vector (x(I),y(I)):

    \begin{array}{l} \texttt{magnitude} (I)= \sqrt{\texttt{x}(I)^2+\texttt{y}(I)^2} , \ \texttt{angle} (I)= \texttt{atan2} ( \texttt{y} (I), \texttt{x} (I))[ \cdot180 / \pi ] \end{array}

    The angles are calculated with accuracy about 0.3 degrees. For the point (0,0), the angle is set to 0.

    See

    Sobel, Scharr

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)cartToPolar:(nonnull Mat *)x
                      y:(nonnull Mat *)y
              magnitude:(nonnull Mat *)magnitude
                  angle:(nonnull Mat *)angle;

    Swift

    class func cartToPolar(x: Mat, y: Mat, magnitude: Mat, angle: Mat)

    Parameters

    x

    array of x-coordinates; this must be a single-precision or double-precision floating-point array.

    y

    array of y-coordinates, that must have the same size and same type as x.

    magnitude

    output array of magnitudes of the same size and type as x.

    angle

    output array of angles that has the same size and type as x; the angles are measured in radians (from 0 to 2*Pi) or in degrees (0 to 360 degrees). in radians (which is by default), or in degrees.

  • Performs the per-element comparison of two arrays or an array and scalar value.

    The function compares: Elements of two arrays when src1 and src2 have the same size:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} (I) \,\texttt{cmpop}\, \texttt{src2} (I)
    Elements of src1 with a scalar src2 when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has a single element:
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1}(I) \,\texttt{cmpop}\, \texttt{src2}
    src1 with elements of src2 when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has a single element:
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{src1} \,\texttt{cmpop}\, \texttt{src2} (I)
    When the comparison result is true, the corresponding element of output array is set to 255. The comparison operations can be replaced with the equivalent matrix expressions:

     Mat dst1 = src1 >= src2;
     Mat dst2 = src1 < 8;
     ...
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)compare:(nonnull Mat *)src1
               src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
              cmpop:(CmpTypes)cmpop;

    Swift

    class func compare(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, cmpop: CmpTypes)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar; when it is an array, it must have a single channel.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar; when it is an array, it must have a single channel.

    dst

    output array of type ref CV_8U that has the same size and the same number of channels as the input arrays.

    cmpop

    a flag, that specifies correspondence between the arrays (cv::CmpTypes)

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)compare:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst cmpop:(CmpTypes)cmpop NS_SWIFT_NAME(compare(src1:srcScalar:dst:cmpop:));

    Swift

    class func compare(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, cmpop: CmpTypes)
  • Copies the lower or the upper half of a square matrix to its another half.

    The function cv::completeSymm copies the lower or the upper half of a square matrix to its another half. The matrix diagonal remains unchanged:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)completeSymm:(nonnull Mat *)m lowerToUpper:(BOOL)lowerToUpper;

    Swift

    class func completeSymm(m: Mat, lowerToUpper: Bool)

    Parameters

    m

    input-output floating-point square matrix.

    lowerToUpper

    operation flag; if true, the lower half is copied to the upper half. Otherwise, the upper half is copied to the lower half.

  • Copies the lower or the upper half of a square matrix to its another half.

    The function cv::completeSymm copies the lower or the upper half of a square matrix to its another half. The matrix diagonal remains unchanged:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)completeSymm:(nonnull Mat *)m;

    Swift

    class func completeSymm(m: Mat)

    Parameters

    m

    input-output floating-point square matrix. the upper half. Otherwise, the upper half is copied to the lower half.

  • Converts an array to half precision floating number.

    This function converts FP32 (single precision floating point) from/to FP16 (half precision floating point). CV_16S format is used to represent FP16 data. There are two use modes (src -> dst): CV_32F -> CV_16S and CV_16S -> CV_32F. The input array has to have type of CV_32F or CV_16S to represent the bit depth. If the input array is neither of them, the function will raise an error. The format of half precision floating point is defined in IEEE 754-2008.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)convertFp16:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func convertFp16(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array.

  • Scales, calculates absolute values, and converts the result to 8-bit.

    On each element of the input array, the function convertScaleAbs performs three operations sequentially: scaling, taking an absolute value, conversion to an unsigned 8-bit type:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate\_cast<uchar>} (| \texttt{src} (I)* \texttt{alpha} + \texttt{beta} |)
    In case of multi-channel arrays, the function processes each channel independently. When the output is not 8-bit, the operation can be emulated by calling the Mat::convertTo method (or by using matrix expressions) and then by calculating an absolute value of the result. For example:

     Mat_<float> A(30,30);
     randu(A, Scalar(-100), Scalar(100));
     Mat_<float> B = A*5 + 3;
     B = abs(B);
     // Mat_<float> B = abs(A*5+3) will also do the job,
     // but it will allocate a temporary matrix
    

    See

    -[Mat convertTo:rtype:alpha:beta:], cv::abs(const Mat&)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)convertScaleAbs:(nonnull Mat *)src
                        dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                      alpha:(double)alpha
                       beta:(double)beta;

    Swift

    class func convertScaleAbs(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double, beta: Double)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array.

    alpha

    optional scale factor.

    beta

    optional delta added to the scaled values.

  • Scales, calculates absolute values, and converts the result to 8-bit.

    On each element of the input array, the function convertScaleAbs performs three operations sequentially: scaling, taking an absolute value, conversion to an unsigned 8-bit type:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate\_cast<uchar>} (| \texttt{src} (I)* \texttt{alpha} + \texttt{beta} |)
    In case of multi-channel arrays, the function processes each channel independently. When the output is not 8-bit, the operation can be emulated by calling the Mat::convertTo method (or by using matrix expressions) and then by calculating an absolute value of the result. For example:

     Mat_<float> A(30,30);
     randu(A, Scalar(-100), Scalar(100));
     Mat_<float> B = A*5 + 3;
     B = abs(B);
     // Mat_<float> B = abs(A*5+3) will also do the job,
     // but it will allocate a temporary matrix
    

    See

    -[Mat convertTo:rtype:alpha:beta:], cv::abs(const Mat&)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)convertScaleAbs:(nonnull Mat *)src
                        dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                      alpha:(double)alpha;

    Swift

    class func convertScaleAbs(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array.

    alpha

    optional scale factor.

  • Scales, calculates absolute values, and converts the result to 8-bit.

    On each element of the input array, the function convertScaleAbs performs three operations sequentially: scaling, taking an absolute value, conversion to an unsigned 8-bit type:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate\_cast<uchar>} (| \texttt{src} (I)* \texttt{alpha} + \texttt{beta} |)
    In case of multi-channel arrays, the function processes each channel independently. When the output is not 8-bit, the operation can be emulated by calling the Mat::convertTo method (or by using matrix expressions) and then by calculating an absolute value of the result. For example:

     Mat_<float> A(30,30);
     randu(A, Scalar(-100), Scalar(100));
     Mat_<float> B = A*5 + 3;
     B = abs(B);
     // Mat_<float> B = abs(A*5+3) will also do the job,
     // but it will allocate a temporary matrix
    

    See

    -[Mat convertTo:rtype:alpha:beta:], cv::abs(const Mat&)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)convertScaleAbs:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func convertScaleAbs(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array.

  • Forms a border around an image.

    The function copies the source image into the middle of the destination image. The areas to the left, to the right, above and below the copied source image will be filled with extrapolated pixels. This is not what filtering functions based on it do (they extrapolate pixels on-fly), but what other more complex functions, including your own, may do to simplify image boundary handling.

    The function supports the mode when src is already in the middle of dst . In this case, the function does not copy src itself but simply constructs the border, for example:

     // let border be the same in all directions
     int border=2;
     // constructs a larger image to fit both the image and the border
     Mat gray_buf(rgb.rows + border*2, rgb.cols + border*2, rgb.depth());
     // select the middle part of it w/o copying data
     Mat gray(gray_canvas, Rect(border, border, rgb.cols, rgb.rows));
     // convert image from RGB to grayscale
     cvtColor(rgb, gray, COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
     // form a border in-place
     copyMakeBorder(gray, gray_buf, border, border,
                    border, border, BORDER_REPLICATE);
     // now do some custom filtering ...
     ...
    

    Note

    When the source image is a part (ROI) of a bigger image, the function will try to use the pixels outside of the ROI to form a border. To disable this feature and always do extrapolation, as if src was not a ROI, use borderType | #BORDER_ISOLATED.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)copyMakeBorder:(nonnull Mat *)src
                       dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                       top:(int)top
                    bottom:(int)bottom
                      left:(int)left
                     right:(int)right
                borderType:(BorderTypes)borderType
                     value:(nonnull Scalar *)value;

    Swift

    class func copyMakeBorder(src: Mat, dst: Mat, top: Int32, bottom: Int32, left: Int32, right: Int32, borderType: BorderTypes, value: Scalar)

    Parameters

    src

    Source image.

    dst

    Destination image of the same type as src and the size Size(src.cols+left+right, src.rows+top+bottom) .

    top

    the top pixels

    bottom

    the bottom pixels

    left

    the left pixels

    right

    Parameter specifying how many pixels in each direction from the source image rectangle to extrapolate. For example, top=1, bottom=1, left=1, right=1 mean that 1 pixel-wide border needs to be built.

    borderType

    Border type. See borderInterpolate for details.

    value

    Border value if borderType==BORDER_CONSTANT .

  • Forms a border around an image.

    The function copies the source image into the middle of the destination image. The areas to the left, to the right, above and below the copied source image will be filled with extrapolated pixels. This is not what filtering functions based on it do (they extrapolate pixels on-fly), but what other more complex functions, including your own, may do to simplify image boundary handling.

    The function supports the mode when src is already in the middle of dst . In this case, the function does not copy src itself but simply constructs the border, for example:

     // let border be the same in all directions
     int border=2;
     // constructs a larger image to fit both the image and the border
     Mat gray_buf(rgb.rows + border*2, rgb.cols + border*2, rgb.depth());
     // select the middle part of it w/o copying data
     Mat gray(gray_canvas, Rect(border, border, rgb.cols, rgb.rows));
     // convert image from RGB to grayscale
     cvtColor(rgb, gray, COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
     // form a border in-place
     copyMakeBorder(gray, gray_buf, border, border,
                    border, border, BORDER_REPLICATE);
     // now do some custom filtering ...
     ...
    

    Note

    When the source image is a part (ROI) of a bigger image, the function will try to use the pixels outside of the ROI to form a border. To disable this feature and always do extrapolation, as if src was not a ROI, use borderType | #BORDER_ISOLATED.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)copyMakeBorder:(nonnull Mat *)src
                       dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                       top:(int)top
                    bottom:(int)bottom
                      left:(int)left
                     right:(int)right
                borderType:(BorderTypes)borderType;

    Swift

    class func copyMakeBorder(src: Mat, dst: Mat, top: Int32, bottom: Int32, left: Int32, right: Int32, borderType: BorderTypes)

    Parameters

    src

    Source image.

    dst

    Destination image of the same type as src and the size Size(src.cols+left+right, src.rows+top+bottom) .

    top

    the top pixels

    bottom

    the bottom pixels

    left

    the left pixels

    right

    Parameter specifying how many pixels in each direction from the source image rectangle to extrapolate. For example, top=1, bottom=1, left=1, right=1 mean that 1 pixel-wide border needs to be built.

    borderType

    Border type. See borderInterpolate for details.

  • This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience (python) Copies the matrix to another one. When the operation mask is specified, if the Mat::create call shown above reallocates the matrix, the newly allocated matrix is initialized with all zeros before copying the data.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)copyTo:(nonnull Mat *)src
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
              mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func copyTo(src: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    source matrix.

    dst

    Destination matrix. If it does not have a proper size or type before the operation, it is reallocated.

    mask

    Operation mask of the same size as *this. Its non-zero elements indicate which matrix elements need to be copied. The mask has to be of type CV_8U and can have 1 or multiple channels.

  • Performs a forward or inverse discrete Cosine transform of 1D or 2D array.

    The function cv::dct performs a forward or inverse discrete Cosine transform (DCT) of a 1D or 2D floating-point array:

    • Forward Cosine transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      Y = C^{(N)} \cdot X
      where
      C^{(N)}_{jk}= \sqrt{\alpha_j/N} \cos \left ( \frac{\pi(2k+1)j}{2N} \right )
      and
      \alpha_0=1
      ,
      \alpha_j=2
      for j > 0.
    • Inverse Cosine transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      X = \left (C^{(N)} \right )^{-1} \cdot Y = \left (C^{(N)} \right )^T \cdot Y
      (since
      C^{(N)}
      is an orthogonal matrix,
      C^{(N)} \cdot \left(C^{(N)}\right)^T = I
      )
    • Forward 2D Cosine transform of M x N matrix:
      Y = C^{(N)} \cdot X \cdot \left (C^{(N)} \right )^T
    • Inverse 2D Cosine transform of M x N matrix:
      X = \left (C^{(N)} \right )^T \cdot X \cdot C^{(N)}

    The function chooses the mode of operation by looking at the flags and size of the input array:

    • If (flags & #DCT_INVERSE) == 0 , the function does a forward 1D or 2D transform. Otherwise, it is an inverse 1D or 2D transform.
    • If (flags & #DCT_ROWS) != 0 , the function performs a 1D transform of each row.
    • If the array is a single column or a single row, the function performs a 1D transform.
    • If none of the above is true, the function performs a 2D transform.

    Note

    Currently dct supports even-size arrays (2, 4, 6 …). For data analysis and approximation, you can pad the array when necessary. Also, the function performance depends very much, and not monotonically, on the array size (see getOptimalDFTSize ). In the current implementation DCT of a vector of size N is calculated via DFT of a vector of size N/2 . Thus, the optimal DCT size N1 >= N can be calculated as:

    size_t getOptimalDCTSize(size_t N) { return 2*getOptimalDFTSize((N+1)/2); } N1 = getOptimalDCTSize(N);

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)dct:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func dct(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)
  • Performs a forward or inverse discrete Cosine transform of 1D or 2D array.

    The function cv::dct performs a forward or inverse discrete Cosine transform (DCT) of a 1D or 2D floating-point array:

    • Forward Cosine transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      Y = C^{(N)} \cdot X
      where
      C^{(N)}_{jk}= \sqrt{\alpha_j/N} \cos \left ( \frac{\pi(2k+1)j}{2N} \right )
      and
      \alpha_0=1
      ,
      \alpha_j=2
      for j > 0.
    • Inverse Cosine transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      X = \left (C^{(N)} \right )^{-1} \cdot Y = \left (C^{(N)} \right )^T \cdot Y
      (since
      C^{(N)}
      is an orthogonal matrix,
      C^{(N)} \cdot \left(C^{(N)}\right)^T = I
      )
    • Forward 2D Cosine transform of M x N matrix:
      Y = C^{(N)} \cdot X \cdot \left (C^{(N)} \right )^T
    • Inverse 2D Cosine transform of M x N matrix:
      X = \left (C^{(N)} \right )^T \cdot X \cdot C^{(N)}

    The function chooses the mode of operation by looking at the flags and size of the input array:

    • If (flags & #DCT_INVERSE) == 0 , the function does a forward 1D or 2D transform. Otherwise, it is an inverse 1D or 2D transform.
    • If (flags & #DCT_ROWS) != 0 , the function performs a 1D transform of each row.
    • If the array is a single column or a single row, the function performs a 1D transform.
    • If none of the above is true, the function performs a 2D transform.

    Note

    Currently dct supports even-size arrays (2, 4, 6 …). For data analysis and approximation, you can pad the array when necessary. Also, the function performance depends very much, and not monotonically, on the array size (see getOptimalDFTSize ). In the current implementation DCT of a vector of size N is calculated via DFT of a vector of size N/2 . Thus, the optimal DCT size N1 >= N can be calculated as:

    size_t getOptimalDCTSize(size_t N) { return 2*getOptimalDFTSize((N+1)/2); } N1 = getOptimalDCTSize(N);

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)dct:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func dct(src: Mat, dst: Mat)
  • Performs a forward or inverse Discrete Fourier transform of a 1D or 2D floating-point array.

    The function cv::dft performs one of the following:

    • Forward the Fourier transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      Y = F^{(N)} \cdot X,
      where
      F^{(N)}_{jk}=\exp(-2\pi i j k/N)
      and
      i=\sqrt{-1}
    • Inverse the Fourier transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      \begin{array}{l} X’= \left (F^{(N)} \right )^{-1} \cdot Y = \left (F^{(N)} \right )^* \cdot y \ X = (1/N) \cdot X, \end{array}
      where
      F^*=\left(\textrm{Re}(F^{(N)})-\textrm{Im}(F^{(N)})\right)^T
    • Forward the 2D Fourier transform of a M x N matrix:
      Y = F^{(M)} \cdot X \cdot F^{(N)}
    • Inverse the 2D Fourier transform of a M x N matrix:
      \begin{array}{l} X’= \left (F^{(M)} \right )^* \cdot Y \cdot \left (F^{(N)} \right )^* \ X = \frac{1}{M \cdot N} \cdot X’ \end{array}

    In case of real (single-channel) data, the output spectrum of the forward Fourier transform or input spectrum of the inverse Fourier transform can be represented in a packed format called CCS (complex-conjugate-symmetrical). It was borrowed from IPL (Intel* Image Processing Library). Here is how 2D CCS spectrum looks:

    \begin{bmatrix} Re Y_{0,0} & Re Y_{0,1} & Im Y_{0,1} & Re Y_{0,2} & Im Y_{0,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{0,N/2-1} & Im Y_{0,N/2-1} & Re Y_{0,N/2} \ Re Y_{1,0} & Re Y_{1,1} & Im Y_{1,1} & Re Y_{1,2} & Im Y_{1,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{1,N/2-1} & Im Y_{1,N/2-1} & Re Y_{1,N/2} \ Im Y_{1,0} & Re Y_{2,1} & Im Y_{2,1} & Re Y_{2,2} & Im Y_{2,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{1,N/2} \ \hdotsfor{9} \ Re Y_{M/2-1,0} & Re Y_{M-3,1} & Im Y_{M-3,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-3,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-3,N/2-1}& Re Y_{M/2-1,N/2} \ Im Y_{M/2-1,0} & Re Y_{M-2,1} & Im Y_{M-2,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-2,N/2-1}& Im Y_{M/2-1,N/2} \ Re Y_{M/2,0} & Re Y_{M-1,1} & Im Y_{M-1,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-1,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-1,N/2-1}& Re Y_{M/2,N/2} \end{bmatrix}

    In case of 1D transform of a real vector, the output looks like the first row of the matrix above.

    So, the function chooses an operation mode depending on the flags and size of the input array:

    • If #DFT_ROWS is set or the input array has a single row or single column, the function performs a 1D forward or inverse transform of each row of a matrix when #DFT_ROWS is set. Otherwise, it performs a 2D transform.
    • If the input array is real and #DFT_INVERSE is not set, the function performs a forward 1D or 2D transform:
      • When #DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT is set, the output is a complex matrix of the same size as input.
      • When #DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT is not set, the output is a real matrix of the same size as input. In case of 2D transform, it uses the packed format as shown above. In case of a single 1D transform, it looks like the first row of the matrix above. In case of multiple 1D transforms (when using the #DFT_ROWS flag), each row of the output matrix looks like the first row of the matrix above.
    • If the input array is complex and either #DFT_INVERSE or #DFT_REAL_OUTPUT are not set, the output is a complex array of the same size as input. The function performs a forward or inverse 1D or 2D transform of the whole input array or each row of the input array independently, depending on the flags DFT_INVERSE and DFT_ROWS.
    • When #DFT_INVERSE is set and the input array is real, or it is complex but #DFT_REAL_OUTPUT is set, the output is a real array of the same size as input. The function performs a 1D or 2D inverse transformation of the whole input array or each individual row, depending on the flags #DFT_INVERSE and #DFT_ROWS.

    If #DFT_SCALE is set, the scaling is done after the transformation.

    Unlike dct , the function supports arrays of arbitrary size. But only those arrays are processed efficiently, whose sizes can be factorized in a product of small prime numbers (2, 3, and 5 in the current implementation). Such an efficient DFT size can be calculated using the getOptimalDFTSize method.

    The sample below illustrates how to calculate a DFT-based convolution of two 2D real arrays:

     void convolveDFT(InputArray A, InputArray B, OutputArray C)
     {
         // reallocate the output array if needed
         C.create(abs(A.rows - B.rows)+1, abs(A.cols - B.cols)+1, A.type());
         Size dftSize;
         // calculate the size of DFT transform
         dftSize.width = getOptimalDFTSize(A.cols + B.cols - 1);
         dftSize.height = getOptimalDFTSize(A.rows + B.rows - 1);
    
         // allocate temporary buffers and initialize them with 0's
         Mat tempA(dftSize, A.type(), Scalar::all(0));
         Mat tempB(dftSize, B.type(), Scalar::all(0));
    
         // copy A and B to the top-left corners of tempA and tempB, respectively
         Mat roiA(tempA, Rect(0,0,A.cols,A.rows));
         A.copyTo(roiA);
         Mat roiB(tempB, Rect(0,0,B.cols,B.rows));
         B.copyTo(roiB);
    
         // now transform the padded A & B in-place;
         // use "nonzeroRows" hint for faster processing
         dft(tempA, tempA, 0, A.rows);
         dft(tempB, tempB, 0, B.rows);
    
         // multiply the spectrums;
         // the function handles packed spectrum representations well
         mulSpectrums(tempA, tempB, tempA);
    
         // transform the product back from the frequency domain.
         // Even though all the result rows will be non-zero,
         // you need only the first C.rows of them, and thus you
         // pass nonzeroRows == C.rows
         dft(tempA, tempA, DFT_INVERSE + DFT_SCALE, C.rows);
    
         // now copy the result back to C.
         tempA(Rect(0, 0, C.cols, C.rows)).copyTo(C);
    
         // all the temporary buffers will be deallocated automatically
     }
    

    To optimize this sample, consider the following approaches:

    Since

    Since nonzeroRows != 0 is passed to the forward transform calls and since A and B are copied to the top-left corners of tempA and tempB, respectively, it is not necessary to clear the whole tempA and tempB. It is only necessary to clear the tempA.cols - A.cols ( tempB.cols - B.cols) rightmost columns of the matrices.
    • This DFT-based convolution does not have to be applied to the whole big arrays, especially if B is significantly smaller than A or vice versa. Instead, you can calculate convolution by parts. To do this, you need to split the output array C into multiple tiles. For each tile, estimate which parts of A and B are required to calculate convolution in this tile. If the tiles in C are too small, the speed will decrease a lot because of repeated work. In the ultimate case, when each tile in C is a single pixel, the algorithm becomes equivalent to the naive convolution algorithm. If the tiles are too big, the temporary arrays tempA and tempB become too big and there is also a slowdown because of bad cache locality. So, there is an optimal tile size somewhere in the middle.
    • If different tiles in C can be calculated in parallel and, thus, the convolution is done by parts, the loop can be threaded.

    All of the above improvements have been implemented in #matchTemplate and #filter2D . Therefore, by using them, you can get the performance even better than with the above theoretically optimal implementation. Though, those two functions actually calculate cross-correlation, not convolution, so you need to “flip” the second convolution operand B vertically and horizontally using flip . @note

    • An example using the discrete fourier transform can be found at opencv_source_code/samples/cpp/dft.cpp
    • (Python) An example using the dft functionality to perform Wiener deconvolution can be found at opencv_source/samples/python/deconvolution.py
    • (Python) An example rearranging the quadrants of a Fourier image can be found at opencv_source/samples/python/dft.py

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)dft:(nonnull Mat *)src
                dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
              flags:(int)flags
        nonzeroRows:(int)nonzeroRows;

    Swift

    class func dft(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32, nonzeroRows: Int32)
  • Performs a forward or inverse Discrete Fourier transform of a 1D or 2D floating-point array.

    The function cv::dft performs one of the following:

    • Forward the Fourier transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      Y = F^{(N)} \cdot X,
      where
      F^{(N)}_{jk}=\exp(-2\pi i j k/N)
      and
      i=\sqrt{-1}
    • Inverse the Fourier transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      \begin{array}{l} X’= \left (F^{(N)} \right )^{-1} \cdot Y = \left (F^{(N)} \right )^* \cdot y \ X = (1/N) \cdot X, \end{array}
      where
      F^*=\left(\textrm{Re}(F^{(N)})-\textrm{Im}(F^{(N)})\right)^T
    • Forward the 2D Fourier transform of a M x N matrix:
      Y = F^{(M)} \cdot X \cdot F^{(N)}
    • Inverse the 2D Fourier transform of a M x N matrix:
      \begin{array}{l} X’= \left (F^{(M)} \right )^* \cdot Y \cdot \left (F^{(N)} \right )^* \ X = \frac{1}{M \cdot N} \cdot X’ \end{array}

    In case of real (single-channel) data, the output spectrum of the forward Fourier transform or input spectrum of the inverse Fourier transform can be represented in a packed format called CCS (complex-conjugate-symmetrical). It was borrowed from IPL (Intel* Image Processing Library). Here is how 2D CCS spectrum looks:

    \begin{bmatrix} Re Y_{0,0} & Re Y_{0,1} & Im Y_{0,1} & Re Y_{0,2} & Im Y_{0,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{0,N/2-1} & Im Y_{0,N/2-1} & Re Y_{0,N/2} \ Re Y_{1,0} & Re Y_{1,1} & Im Y_{1,1} & Re Y_{1,2} & Im Y_{1,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{1,N/2-1} & Im Y_{1,N/2-1} & Re Y_{1,N/2} \ Im Y_{1,0} & Re Y_{2,1} & Im Y_{2,1} & Re Y_{2,2} & Im Y_{2,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{1,N/2} \ \hdotsfor{9} \ Re Y_{M/2-1,0} & Re Y_{M-3,1} & Im Y_{M-3,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-3,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-3,N/2-1}& Re Y_{M/2-1,N/2} \ Im Y_{M/2-1,0} & Re Y_{M-2,1} & Im Y_{M-2,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-2,N/2-1}& Im Y_{M/2-1,N/2} \ Re Y_{M/2,0} & Re Y_{M-1,1} & Im Y_{M-1,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-1,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-1,N/2-1}& Re Y_{M/2,N/2} \end{bmatrix}

    In case of 1D transform of a real vector, the output looks like the first row of the matrix above.

    So, the function chooses an operation mode depending on the flags and size of the input array:

    • If #DFT_ROWS is set or the input array has a single row or single column, the function performs a 1D forward or inverse transform of each row of a matrix when #DFT_ROWS is set. Otherwise, it performs a 2D transform.
    • If the input array is real and #DFT_INVERSE is not set, the function performs a forward 1D or 2D transform:
      • When #DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT is set, the output is a complex matrix of the same size as input.
      • When #DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT is not set, the output is a real matrix of the same size as input. In case of 2D transform, it uses the packed format as shown above. In case of a single 1D transform, it looks like the first row of the matrix above. In case of multiple 1D transforms (when using the #DFT_ROWS flag), each row of the output matrix looks like the first row of the matrix above.
    • If the input array is complex and either #DFT_INVERSE or #DFT_REAL_OUTPUT are not set, the output is a complex array of the same size as input. The function performs a forward or inverse 1D or 2D transform of the whole input array or each row of the input array independently, depending on the flags DFT_INVERSE and DFT_ROWS.
    • When #DFT_INVERSE is set and the input array is real, or it is complex but #DFT_REAL_OUTPUT is set, the output is a real array of the same size as input. The function performs a 1D or 2D inverse transformation of the whole input array or each individual row, depending on the flags #DFT_INVERSE and #DFT_ROWS.

    If #DFT_SCALE is set, the scaling is done after the transformation.

    Unlike dct , the function supports arrays of arbitrary size. But only those arrays are processed efficiently, whose sizes can be factorized in a product of small prime numbers (2, 3, and 5 in the current implementation). Such an efficient DFT size can be calculated using the getOptimalDFTSize method.

    The sample below illustrates how to calculate a DFT-based convolution of two 2D real arrays:

     void convolveDFT(InputArray A, InputArray B, OutputArray C)
     {
         // reallocate the output array if needed
         C.create(abs(A.rows - B.rows)+1, abs(A.cols - B.cols)+1, A.type());
         Size dftSize;
         // calculate the size of DFT transform
         dftSize.width = getOptimalDFTSize(A.cols + B.cols - 1);
         dftSize.height = getOptimalDFTSize(A.rows + B.rows - 1);
    
         // allocate temporary buffers and initialize them with 0's
         Mat tempA(dftSize, A.type(), Scalar::all(0));
         Mat tempB(dftSize, B.type(), Scalar::all(0));
    
         // copy A and B to the top-left corners of tempA and tempB, respectively
         Mat roiA(tempA, Rect(0,0,A.cols,A.rows));
         A.copyTo(roiA);
         Mat roiB(tempB, Rect(0,0,B.cols,B.rows));
         B.copyTo(roiB);
    
         // now transform the padded A & B in-place;
         // use "nonzeroRows" hint for faster processing
         dft(tempA, tempA, 0, A.rows);
         dft(tempB, tempB, 0, B.rows);
    
         // multiply the spectrums;
         // the function handles packed spectrum representations well
         mulSpectrums(tempA, tempB, tempA);
    
         // transform the product back from the frequency domain.
         // Even though all the result rows will be non-zero,
         // you need only the first C.rows of them, and thus you
         // pass nonzeroRows == C.rows
         dft(tempA, tempA, DFT_INVERSE + DFT_SCALE, C.rows);
    
         // now copy the result back to C.
         tempA(Rect(0, 0, C.cols, C.rows)).copyTo(C);
    
         // all the temporary buffers will be deallocated automatically
     }
    

    To optimize this sample, consider the following approaches:

    Since

    Since nonzeroRows != 0 is passed to the forward transform calls and since A and B are copied to the top-left corners of tempA and tempB, respectively, it is not necessary to clear the whole tempA and tempB. It is only necessary to clear the tempA.cols - A.cols ( tempB.cols - B.cols) rightmost columns of the matrices.
    • This DFT-based convolution does not have to be applied to the whole big arrays, especially if B is significantly smaller than A or vice versa. Instead, you can calculate convolution by parts. To do this, you need to split the output array C into multiple tiles. For each tile, estimate which parts of A and B are required to calculate convolution in this tile. If the tiles in C are too small, the speed will decrease a lot because of repeated work. In the ultimate case, when each tile in C is a single pixel, the algorithm becomes equivalent to the naive convolution algorithm. If the tiles are too big, the temporary arrays tempA and tempB become too big and there is also a slowdown because of bad cache locality. So, there is an optimal tile size somewhere in the middle.
    • If different tiles in C can be calculated in parallel and, thus, the convolution is done by parts, the loop can be threaded.

    All of the above improvements have been implemented in #matchTemplate and #filter2D . Therefore, by using them, you can get the performance even better than with the above theoretically optimal implementation. Though, those two functions actually calculate cross-correlation, not convolution, so you need to “flip” the second convolution operand B vertically and horizontally using flip . @note

    • An example using the discrete fourier transform can be found at opencv_source_code/samples/cpp/dft.cpp
    • (Python) An example using the dft functionality to perform Wiener deconvolution can be found at opencv_source/samples/python/deconvolution.py
    • (Python) An example rearranging the quadrants of a Fourier image can be found at opencv_source/samples/python/dft.py

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)dft:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func dft(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)
  • Performs a forward or inverse Discrete Fourier transform of a 1D or 2D floating-point array.

    The function cv::dft performs one of the following:

    • Forward the Fourier transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      Y = F^{(N)} \cdot X,
      where
      F^{(N)}_{jk}=\exp(-2\pi i j k/N)
      and
      i=\sqrt{-1}
    • Inverse the Fourier transform of a 1D vector of N elements:
      \begin{array}{l} X’= \left (F^{(N)} \right )^{-1} \cdot Y = \left (F^{(N)} \right )^* \cdot y \ X = (1/N) \cdot X, \end{array}
      where
      F^*=\left(\textrm{Re}(F^{(N)})-\textrm{Im}(F^{(N)})\right)^T
    • Forward the 2D Fourier transform of a M x N matrix:
      Y = F^{(M)} \cdot X \cdot F^{(N)}
    • Inverse the 2D Fourier transform of a M x N matrix:
      \begin{array}{l} X’= \left (F^{(M)} \right )^* \cdot Y \cdot \left (F^{(N)} \right )^* \ X = \frac{1}{M \cdot N} \cdot X’ \end{array}

    In case of real (single-channel) data, the output spectrum of the forward Fourier transform or input spectrum of the inverse Fourier transform can be represented in a packed format called CCS (complex-conjugate-symmetrical). It was borrowed from IPL (Intel* Image Processing Library). Here is how 2D CCS spectrum looks:

    \begin{bmatrix} Re Y_{0,0} & Re Y_{0,1} & Im Y_{0,1} & Re Y_{0,2} & Im Y_{0,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{0,N/2-1} & Im Y_{0,N/2-1} & Re Y_{0,N/2} \ Re Y_{1,0} & Re Y_{1,1} & Im Y_{1,1} & Re Y_{1,2} & Im Y_{1,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{1,N/2-1} & Im Y_{1,N/2-1} & Re Y_{1,N/2} \ Im Y_{1,0} & Re Y_{2,1} & Im Y_{2,1} & Re Y_{2,2} & Im Y_{2,2} & \cdots & Re Y_{2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{1,N/2} \ \hdotsfor{9} \ Re Y_{M/2-1,0} & Re Y_{M-3,1} & Im Y_{M-3,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-3,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-3,N/2-1}& Re Y_{M/2-1,N/2} \ Im Y_{M/2-1,0} & Re Y_{M-2,1} & Im Y_{M-2,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-2,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-2,N/2-1}& Im Y_{M/2-1,N/2} \ Re Y_{M/2,0} & Re Y_{M-1,1} & Im Y_{M-1,1} & \hdotsfor{3} & Re Y_{M-1,N/2-1} & Im Y_{M-1,N/2-1}& Re Y_{M/2,N/2} \end{bmatrix}

    In case of 1D transform of a real vector, the output looks like the first row of the matrix above.

    So, the function chooses an operation mode depending on the flags and size of the input array:

    • If #DFT_ROWS is set or the input array has a single row or single column, the function performs a 1D forward or inverse transform of each row of a matrix when #DFT_ROWS is set. Otherwise, it performs a 2D transform.
    • If the input array is real and #DFT_INVERSE is not set, the function performs a forward 1D or 2D transform:
      • When #DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT is set, the output is a complex matrix of the same size as input.
      • When #DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT is not set, the output is a real matrix of the same size as input. In case of 2D transform, it uses the packed format as shown above. In case of a single 1D transform, it looks like the first row of the matrix above. In case of multiple 1D transforms (when using the #DFT_ROWS flag), each row of the output matrix looks like the first row of the matrix above.
    • If the input array is complex and either #DFT_INVERSE or #DFT_REAL_OUTPUT are not set, the output is a complex array of the same size as input. The function performs a forward or inverse 1D or 2D transform of the whole input array or each row of the input array independently, depending on the flags DFT_INVERSE and DFT_ROWS.
    • When #DFT_INVERSE is set and the input array is real, or it is complex but #DFT_REAL_OUTPUT is set, the output is a real array of the same size as input. The function performs a 1D or 2D inverse transformation of the whole input array or each individual row, depending on the flags #DFT_INVERSE and #DFT_ROWS.

    If #DFT_SCALE is set, the scaling is done after the transformation.

    Unlike dct , the function supports arrays of arbitrary size. But only those arrays are processed efficiently, whose sizes can be factorized in a product of small prime numbers (2, 3, and 5 in the current implementation). Such an efficient DFT size can be calculated using the getOptimalDFTSize method.

    The sample below illustrates how to calculate a DFT-based convolution of two 2D real arrays:

     void convolveDFT(InputArray A, InputArray B, OutputArray C)
     {
         // reallocate the output array if needed
         C.create(abs(A.rows - B.rows)+1, abs(A.cols - B.cols)+1, A.type());
         Size dftSize;
         // calculate the size of DFT transform
         dftSize.width = getOptimalDFTSize(A.cols + B.cols - 1);
         dftSize.height = getOptimalDFTSize(A.rows + B.rows - 1);
    
         // allocate temporary buffers and initialize them with 0's
         Mat tempA(dftSize, A.type(), Scalar::all(0));
         Mat tempB(dftSize, B.type(), Scalar::all(0));
    
         // copy A and B to the top-left corners of tempA and tempB, respectively
         Mat roiA(tempA, Rect(0,0,A.cols,A.rows));
         A.copyTo(roiA);
         Mat roiB(tempB, Rect(0,0,B.cols,B.rows));
         B.copyTo(roiB);
    
         // now transform the padded A & B in-place;
         // use "nonzeroRows" hint for faster processing
         dft(tempA, tempA, 0, A.rows);
         dft(tempB, tempB, 0, B.rows);
    
         // multiply the spectrums;
         // the function handles packed spectrum representations well
         mulSpectrums(tempA, tempB, tempA);
    
         // transform the product back from the frequency domain.
         // Even though all the result rows will be non-zero,
         // you need only the first C.rows of them, and thus you
         // pass nonzeroRows == C.rows
         dft(tempA, tempA, DFT_INVERSE + DFT_SCALE, C.rows);
    
         // now copy the result back to C.
         tempA(Rect(0, 0, C.cols, C.rows)).copyTo(C);
    
         // all the temporary buffers will be deallocated automatically
     }
    

    To optimize this sample, consider the following approaches:

    Since

    Since nonzeroRows != 0 is passed to the forward transform calls and since A and B are copied to the top-left corners of tempA and tempB, respectively, it is not necessary to clear the whole tempA and tempB. It is only necessary to clear the tempA.cols - A.cols ( tempB.cols - B.cols) rightmost columns of the matrices.
    • This DFT-based convolution does not have to be applied to the whole big arrays, especially if B is significantly smaller than A or vice versa. Instead, you can calculate convolution by parts. To do this, you need to split the output array C into multiple tiles. For each tile, estimate which parts of A and B are required to calculate convolution in this tile. If the tiles in C are too small, the speed will decrease a lot because of repeated work. In the ultimate case, when each tile in C is a single pixel, the algorithm becomes equivalent to the naive convolution algorithm. If the tiles are too big, the temporary arrays tempA and tempB become too big and there is also a slowdown because of bad cache locality. So, there is an optimal tile size somewhere in the middle.
    • If different tiles in C can be calculated in parallel and, thus, the convolution is done by parts, the loop can be threaded.

    All of the above improvements have been implemented in #matchTemplate and #filter2D . Therefore, by using them, you can get the performance even better than with the above theoretically optimal implementation. Though, those two functions actually calculate cross-correlation, not convolution, so you need to “flip” the second convolution operand B vertically and horizontally using flip . @note

    • An example using the discrete fourier transform can be found at opencv_source_code/samples/cpp/dft.cpp
    • (Python) An example using the dft functionality to perform Wiener deconvolution can be found at opencv_source/samples/python/deconvolution.py
    • (Python) An example rearranging the quadrants of a Fourier image can be found at opencv_source/samples/python/dft.py

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)dft:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func dft(src: Mat, dst: Mat)
  • Performs per-element division of two arrays or a scalar by an array.

    The function cv::divide divides one array by another:

    \texttt{dst(I) = saturate(src1(I)*scale/src2(I))}
    or a scalar by an array when there is no src1 :
    \texttt{dst(I) = saturate(scale/src2(I))}

    Different channels of multi-channel arrays are processed independently.

    For integer types when src2(I) is zero, dst(I) will also be zero.

    Note

    In case of floating point data there is no special defined behavior for zero src2(I) values. Regular floating-point division is used. Expect correct IEEE-754 behaviour for floating-point data (with NaN, Inf result values).

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(nonnull Mat *)src1
              src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
             scale:(double)scale
             dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func divide(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, scale: Double, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and type as src1.

    scale

    scalar factor.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src2.

    dtype

    optional depth of the output array; if -1, dst will have depth src2.depth(), but in case of an array-by-array division, you can only pass -1 when src1.depth()==src2.depth().

  • Performs per-element division of two arrays or a scalar by an array.

    The function cv::divide divides one array by another:

    \texttt{dst(I) = saturate(src1(I)*scale/src2(I))}
    or a scalar by an array when there is no src1 :
    \texttt{dst(I) = saturate(scale/src2(I))}

    Different channels of multi-channel arrays are processed independently.

    For integer types when src2(I) is zero, dst(I) will also be zero.

    Note

    In case of floating point data there is no special defined behavior for zero src2(I) values. Regular floating-point division is used. Expect correct IEEE-754 behaviour for floating-point data (with NaN, Inf result values).

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(nonnull Mat *)src1
              src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
             scale:(double)scale;

    Swift

    class func divide(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, scale: Double)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and type as src1.

    scale

    scalar factor.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src2. case of an array-by-array division, you can only pass -1 when src1.depth()==src2.depth().

  • Performs per-element division of two arrays or a scalar by an array.

    The function cv::divide divides one array by another:

    \texttt{dst(I) = saturate(src1(I)*scale/src2(I))}
    or a scalar by an array when there is no src1 :
    \texttt{dst(I) = saturate(scale/src2(I))}

    Different channels of multi-channel arrays are processed independently.

    For integer types when src2(I) is zero, dst(I) will also be zero.

    Note

    In case of floating point data there is no special defined behavior for zero src2(I) values. Regular floating-point division is used. Expect correct IEEE-754 behaviour for floating-point data (with NaN, Inf result values).

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(nonnull Mat *)src1
              src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func divide(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and type as src1.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src2. case of an array-by-array division, you can only pass -1 when src1.depth()==src2.depth().

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst scale:(double)scale dtype:(int)dtype NS_SWIFT_NAME(divide(src1:srcScalar:dst:scale:dtype:));

    Swift

    class func divide(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, scale: Double, dtype: Int32)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst scale:(double)scale NS_SWIFT_NAME(divide(src1:srcScalar:dst:scale:));

    Swift

    class func divide(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, scale: Double)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(divide(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func divide(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(double)scale src:(Mat*)src dst:(Mat*)dst dtype:(int)dtype NS_SWIFT_NAME(divide(scale:src:dst:dtype:));

    Swift

    class func divide(scale: Double, src: Mat, dst: Mat, dtype: Int32)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)divide:(double)scale src:(Mat*)src dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(divide(scale:src:dst:));

    Swift

    class func divide(scale: Double, src: Mat, dst: Mat)
  • Calculates eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a non-symmetric matrix (real eigenvalues only).

    Note

    Assumes real eigenvalues.

    The function calculates eigenvalues and eigenvectors (optional) of the square matrix src:

     src*eigenvectors.row(i).t() = eigenvalues.at<srcType>(i)*eigenvectors.row(i).t()
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)eigenNonSymmetric:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  eigenvalues:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvalues
                 eigenvectors:(nonnull Mat *)eigenvectors;

    Swift

    class func eigenNonSymmetric(src: Mat, eigenvalues: Mat, eigenvectors: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input matrix (CV_32FC1 or CV_64FC1 type).

    eigenvalues

    output vector of eigenvalues (type is the same type as src).

    eigenvectors

    output matrix of eigenvectors (type is the same type as src). The eigenvectors are stored as subsequent matrix rows, in the same order as the corresponding eigenvalues.

  • Calculates the exponent of every array element.

    The function cv::exp calculates the exponent of every element of the input array:

    \texttt{dst} [I] = e^{ src(I) }

    The maximum relative error is about 7e-6 for single-precision input and less than 1e-10 for double-precision input. Currently, the function converts denormalized values to zeros on output. Special values (NaN, Inf) are not handled.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)exp:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func exp(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

  • Extracts a single channel from src (coi is 0-based index)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)extractChannel:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst coi:(int)coi;

    Swift

    class func extractChannel(src: Mat, dst: Mat, coi: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input array

    dst

    output array

    coi

    index of channel to extract

  • Returns the list of locations of non-zero pixels

    Given a binary matrix (likely returned from an operation such as threshold(), compare(), >, ==, etc, return all of the non-zero indices as a cv::Mat or std::vectorcv::Point (x,y) For example:

     cv::Mat binaryImage; // input, binary image
     cv::Mat locations;   // output, locations of non-zero pixels
     cv::findNonZero(binaryImage, locations);
    
     // access pixel coordinates
     Point pnt = locations.at<Point>(i);
    

    or

     cv::Mat binaryImage; // input, binary image
     vector<Point> locations;   // output, locations of non-zero pixels
     cv::findNonZero(binaryImage, locations);
    
     // access pixel coordinates
     Point pnt = locations[i];
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)findNonZero:(nonnull Mat *)src idx:(nonnull Mat *)idx;

    Swift

    class func findNonZero(src: Mat, idx: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    single-channel array

    idx

    the output array, type of cv::Mat or std::vector, corresponding to non-zero indices in the input

  • Flips a 2D array around vertical, horizontal, or both axes.

    The function cv::flip flips the array in one of three different ways (row and column indices are 0-based):

    \texttt{dst} _{ij} = \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} \texttt{src} _{\texttt{src.rows}-i-1,j} & if\; \texttt{flipCode} = 0 \ \texttt{src} _{i, \texttt{src.cols} -j-1} & if\; \texttt{flipCode} > 0 \ \texttt{src} _{ \texttt{src.rows} -i-1, \texttt{src.cols} -j-1} & if\; \texttt{flipCode} < 0 \ \end{array} \right.
    The example scenarios of using the function are the following: Vertical flipping of the image (flipCode == 0) to switch between top-left and bottom-left image origin. This is a typical operation in video processing on Microsoft Windows* OS. Horizontal flipping of the image with the subsequent horizontal shift and absolute difference calculation to check for a vertical-axis symmetry (flipCode > 0). Simultaneous horizontal and vertical flipping of the image with the subsequent shift and absolute difference calculation to check for a central symmetry (flipCode < 0). Reversing the order of point arrays (flipCode > 0 or flipCode == 0).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)flip:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flipCode:(int)flipCode;

    Swift

    class func flip(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flipCode: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

    flipCode

    a flag to specify how to flip the array; 0 means flipping around the x-axis and positive value (for example, 1) means flipping around y-axis. Negative value (for example, -1) means flipping around both axes.

  • Performs generalized matrix multiplication.

    The function cv::gemm performs generalized matrix multiplication similar to the gemm functions in BLAS level 3. For example, gemm(src1, src2, alpha, src3, beta, dst, GEMM_1_T + GEMM_3_T) corresponds to

    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{alpha} \cdot \texttt{src1} ^T \cdot \texttt{src2} + \texttt{beta} \cdot \texttt{src3} ^T

    In case of complex (two-channel) data, performed a complex matrix multiplication.

    The function can be replaced with a matrix expression. For example, the above call can be replaced with:

     dst = alpha*src1.t()*src2 + beta*src3.t();
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)gemm:(nonnull Mat *)src1
            src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
           alpha:(double)alpha
            src3:(nonnull Mat *)src3
            beta:(double)beta
             dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
           flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func gemm(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, alpha: Double, src3: Mat, beta: Double, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)
  • Performs generalized matrix multiplication.

    The function cv::gemm performs generalized matrix multiplication similar to the gemm functions in BLAS level 3. For example, gemm(src1, src2, alpha, src3, beta, dst, GEMM_1_T + GEMM_3_T) corresponds to

    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{alpha} \cdot \texttt{src1} ^T \cdot \texttt{src2} + \texttt{beta} \cdot \texttt{src3} ^T

    In case of complex (two-channel) data, performed a complex matrix multiplication.

    The function can be replaced with a matrix expression. For example, the above call can be replaced with:

     dst = alpha*src1.t()*src2 + beta*src3.t();
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)gemm:(nonnull Mat *)src1
            src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
           alpha:(double)alpha
            src3:(nonnull Mat *)src3
            beta:(double)beta
             dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func gemm(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, alpha: Double, src3: Mat, beta: Double, dst: Mat)
  •  std::vector<cv::Mat> matrices = { cv::Mat(4, 1, CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(1)),
                                       cv::Mat(4, 1, CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(2)),
                                       cv::Mat(4, 1, CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(3)),};
    
     cv::Mat out;
     cv::hconcat( matrices, out );
     //out:
     //[1, 2, 3;
     // 1, 2, 3;
     // 1, 2, 3;
     // 1, 2, 3]
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)hconcat:(nonnull NSArray<Mat *> *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func hconcat(src: [Mat], dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array or vector of matrices. all of the matrices must have the same number of rows and the same depth.

    dst

    output array. It has the same number of rows and depth as the src, and the sum of cols of the src. same depth.

  • Calculates the inverse Discrete Cosine Transform of a 1D or 2D array.

    idct(src, dst, flags) is equivalent to dct(src, dst, flags | DCT_INVERSE).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)idct:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func idct(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point single-channel array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

    flags

    operation flags.

  • Calculates the inverse Discrete Cosine Transform of a 1D or 2D array.

    idct(src, dst, flags) is equivalent to dct(src, dst, flags | DCT_INVERSE).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)idct:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func idct(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point single-channel array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

  • Calculates the inverse Discrete Fourier Transform of a 1D or 2D array.

    idft(src, dst, flags) is equivalent to dft(src, dst, flags | #DFT_INVERSE) .

    Note

    None of dft and idft scales the result by default. So, you should pass #DFT_SCALE to one of dft or idft explicitly to make these transforms mutually inverse.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)idft:(nonnull Mat *)src
                dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
              flags:(int)flags
        nonzeroRows:(int)nonzeroRows;

    Swift

    class func idft(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32, nonzeroRows: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point real or complex array.

    dst

    output array whose size and type depend on the flags.

    flags

    operation flags (see dft and #DftFlags).

    nonzeroRows

    number of dst rows to process; the rest of the rows have undefined content (see the convolution sample in dft description.

  • Calculates the inverse Discrete Fourier Transform of a 1D or 2D array.

    idft(src, dst, flags) is equivalent to dft(src, dst, flags | #DFT_INVERSE) .

    Note

    None of dft and idft scales the result by default. So, you should pass #DFT_SCALE to one of dft or idft explicitly to make these transforms mutually inverse.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)idft:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func idft(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point real or complex array.

    dst

    output array whose size and type depend on the flags.

    flags

    operation flags (see dft and #DftFlags). the convolution sample in dft description.

  • Calculates the inverse Discrete Fourier Transform of a 1D or 2D array.

    idft(src, dst, flags) is equivalent to dft(src, dst, flags | #DFT_INVERSE) .

    Note

    None of dft and idft scales the result by default. So, you should pass #DFT_SCALE to one of dft or idft explicitly to make these transforms mutually inverse.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)idft:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func idft(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point real or complex array.

    dst

    output array whose size and type depend on the flags. the convolution sample in dft description.

  • Checks if array elements lie between the elements of two other arrays.

    The function checks the range as follows:

    • For every element of a single-channel input array:
      \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{lowerb} (I)_0 \leq \texttt{src} (I)_0 \leq \texttt{upperb} (I)_0
    • For two-channel arrays:
      \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{lowerb} (I)_0 \leq \texttt{src} (I)_0 \leq \texttt{upperb} (I)_0 \land \texttt{lowerb} (I)_1 \leq \texttt{src} (I)_1 \leq \texttt{upperb} (I)_1
    • and so forth.

    That is, dst (I) is set to 255 (all 1 -bits) if src (I) is within the specified 1D, 2D, 3D, … box and 0 otherwise.

    When the lower and/or upper boundary parameters are scalars, the indexes (I) at lowerb and upperb in the above formulas should be omitted.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)inRange:(nonnull Mat *)src
             lowerb:(nonnull Scalar *)lowerb
             upperb:(nonnull Scalar *)upperb
                dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func inRange(src: Mat, lowerb: Scalar, upperb: Scalar, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    first input array.

    lowerb

    inclusive lower boundary array or a scalar.

    upperb

    inclusive upper boundary array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src and CV_8U type.

  • Inserts a single channel to dst (coi is 0-based index)

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)insertChannel:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst coi:(int)coi;

    Swift

    class func insertChannel(src: Mat, dst: Mat, coi: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input array

    dst

    output array

    coi

    index of channel for insertion

  • Calculates the natural logarithm of every array element.

    The function cv::log calculates the natural logarithm of every element of the input array:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \log (\texttt{src}(I))

    Output on zero, negative and special (NaN, Inf) values is undefined.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)log:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func log(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src .

  • Calculates the magnitude of 2D vectors.

    The function cv::magnitude calculates the magnitude of 2D vectors formed from the corresponding elements of x and y arrays:

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \sqrt{\texttt{x}(I)^2 + \texttt{y}(I)^2}

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)magnitude:(nonnull Mat *)x
                    y:(nonnull Mat *)y
            magnitude:(nonnull Mat *)magnitude;

    Swift

    class func magnitude(x: Mat, y: Mat, magnitude: Mat)

    Parameters

    x

    floating-point array of x-coordinates of the vectors.

    y

    floating-point array of y-coordinates of the vectors; it must have the same size as x.

    magnitude

    output array of the same size and type as x.

  • Calculates per-element maximum of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::max calculates the per-element maximum of two arrays:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \max ( \texttt{src1} (I), \texttt{src2} (I))
    or array and a scalar:
    \texttt{dst} (I)= \max ( \texttt{src1} (I), \texttt{value} )

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)max:(nonnull Mat *)src1 src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func max(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and type as src1 .

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src1.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)max:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(max(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func max(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Calculates a mean and standard deviation of array elements.

    The function cv::meanStdDev calculates the mean and the standard deviation M of array elements independently for each channel and returns it via the output parameters:

    \begin{array}{l} N = \sum _{I, \texttt{mask} (I) \ne 0} 1 \ \texttt{mean} _c = \frac{\sum_{ I: \; \texttt{mask}(I) \ne 0} \texttt{src} (I)_c}{N} \ \texttt{stddev} _c = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{ I: \; \texttt{mask}(I) \ne 0} \left ( \texttt{src} (I)_c - \texttt{mean} _c \right )^2}{N}} \end{array}
    When all the mask elements are 0’s, the function returns mean=stddev=Scalar::all(0).

    Note

    The calculated standard deviation is only the diagonal of the complete normalized covariance matrix. If the full matrix is needed, you can reshape the multi-channel array M x N to the single-channel array M*N x mtx.channels() (only possible when the matrix is continuous) and then pass the matrix to calcCovarMatrix .

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)meanStdDev:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  mean:(nonnull DoubleVector *)mean
                stddev:(nonnull DoubleVector *)stddev
                  mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func meanStdDev(src: Mat, mean: DoubleVector, stddev: DoubleVector, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array that should have from 1 to 4 channels so that the results can be stored in Scalar_ ‘s.

    mean

    output parameter: calculated mean value.

    stddev

    output parameter: calculated standard deviation.

    mask

    optional operation mask.

  • Calculates a mean and standard deviation of array elements.

    The function cv::meanStdDev calculates the mean and the standard deviation M of array elements independently for each channel and returns it via the output parameters:

    \begin{array}{l} N = \sum _{I, \texttt{mask} (I) \ne 0} 1 \ \texttt{mean} _c = \frac{\sum_{ I: \; \texttt{mask}(I) \ne 0} \texttt{src} (I)_c}{N} \ \texttt{stddev} _c = \sqrt{\frac{\sum_{ I: \; \texttt{mask}(I) \ne 0} \left ( \texttt{src} (I)_c - \texttt{mean} _c \right )^2}{N}} \end{array}
    When all the mask elements are 0’s, the function returns mean=stddev=Scalar::all(0).

    Note

    The calculated standard deviation is only the diagonal of the complete normalized covariance matrix. If the full matrix is needed, you can reshape the multi-channel array M x N to the single-channel array M*N x mtx.channels() (only possible when the matrix is continuous) and then pass the matrix to calcCovarMatrix .

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)meanStdDev:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  mean:(nonnull DoubleVector *)mean
                stddev:(nonnull DoubleVector *)stddev;

    Swift

    class func meanStdDev(src: Mat, mean: DoubleVector, stddev: DoubleVector)

    Parameters

    src

    input array that should have from 1 to 4 channels so that the results can be stored in Scalar_ ‘s.

    mean

    output parameter: calculated mean value.

    stddev

    output parameter: calculated standard deviation.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)merge:(nonnull NSArray<Mat *> *)mv dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func merge(mv: [Mat], dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    mv

    input vector of matrices to be merged; all the matrices in mv must have the same size and the same depth.

    dst

    output array of the same size and the same depth as mv[0]; The number of channels will be the total number of channels in the matrix array.

  • Calculates per-element minimum of two arrays or an array and a scalar.

    The function cv::min calculates the per-element minimum of two arrays:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \min ( \texttt{src1} (I), \texttt{src2} (I))
    or array and a scalar:
    \texttt{dst} (I)= \min ( \texttt{src1} (I), \texttt{value} )

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)min:(nonnull Mat *)src1 src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func min(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array.

    src2

    second input array of the same size and type as src1.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src1.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)min:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(min(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func min(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mixChannels:(nonnull NSArray<Mat *> *)src
                    dst:(nonnull NSArray<Mat *> *)dst
                 fromTo:(nonnull IntVector *)fromTo;

    Swift

    class func mixChannels(src: [Mat], dst: [Mat], fromTo: IntVector)

    Parameters

    src

    input array or vector of matrices; all of the matrices must have the same size and the same depth.

    dst

    output array or vector of matrices; all the matrices must be allocated; their size and depth must be the same as in src[0].

    fromTo

    array of index pairs specifying which channels are copied and where; fromTo[k*2] is a 0-based index of the input channel in src, fromTo[k*2+1] is an index of the output channel in dst; the continuous channel numbering is used: the first input image channels are indexed from 0 to src[0].channels()-1, the second input image channels are indexed from src[0].channels() to src[0].channels() + src[1].channels()-1, and so on, the same scheme is used for the output image channels; as a special case, when fromTo[k*2] is negative, the corresponding output channel is filled with zero .

  • Performs the per-element multiplication of two Fourier spectrums.

    The function cv::mulSpectrums performs the per-element multiplication of the two CCS-packed or complex matrices that are results of a real or complex Fourier transform.

    The function, together with dft and idft , may be used to calculate convolution (pass conjB=false ) or correlation (pass conjB=true ) of two arrays rapidly. When the arrays are complex, they are simply multiplied (per element) with an optional conjugation of the second-array elements. When the arrays are real, they are assumed to be CCS-packed (see dft for details).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mulSpectrums:(nonnull Mat *)a
                       b:(nonnull Mat *)b
                       c:(nonnull Mat *)c
                   flags:(int)flags
                   conjB:(BOOL)conjB;

    Swift

    class func mulSpectrums(a: Mat, b: Mat, c: Mat, flags: Int32, conjB: Bool)

    Parameters

    a

    first input array.

    b

    second input array of the same size and type as src1 .

    c

    output array of the same size and type as src1 .

    flags

    operation flags; currently, the only supported flag is cv::DFT_ROWS, which indicates that each row of src1 and src2 is an independent 1D Fourier spectrum. If you do not want to use this flag, then simply add a 0 as value.

    conjB

    optional flag that conjugates the second input array before the multiplication (true) or not (false).

  • Performs the per-element multiplication of two Fourier spectrums.

    The function cv::mulSpectrums performs the per-element multiplication of the two CCS-packed or complex matrices that are results of a real or complex Fourier transform.

    The function, together with dft and idft , may be used to calculate convolution (pass conjB=false ) or correlation (pass conjB=true ) of two arrays rapidly. When the arrays are complex, they are simply multiplied (per element) with an optional conjugation of the second-array elements. When the arrays are real, they are assumed to be CCS-packed (see dft for details).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mulSpectrums:(nonnull Mat *)a
                       b:(nonnull Mat *)b
                       c:(nonnull Mat *)c
                   flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func mulSpectrums(a: Mat, b: Mat, c: Mat, flags: Int32)

    Parameters

    a

    first input array.

    b

    second input array of the same size and type as src1 .

    c

    output array of the same size and type as src1 .

    flags

    operation flags; currently, the only supported flag is cv::DFT_ROWS, which indicates that each row of src1 and src2 is an independent 1D Fourier spectrum. If you do not want to use this flag, then simply add a 0 as value. or not (false).

  • Calculates the product of a matrix and its transposition.

    The function cv::mulTransposed calculates the product of src and its transposition:

    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )
    if aTa=true , and
    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} ) ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T
    otherwise. The function is used to calculate the covariance matrix. With zero delta, it can be used as a faster substitute for general matrix product A*B when B=A’

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mulTransposed:(nonnull Mat *)src
                      dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                      aTa:(BOOL)aTa
                    delta:(nonnull Mat *)delta
                    scale:(double)scale
                    dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func mulTransposed(src: Mat, dst: Mat, aTa: Bool, delta: Mat, scale: Double, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input single-channel matrix. Note that unlike gemm, the function can multiply not only floating-point matrices.

    dst

    output square matrix.

    aTa

    Flag specifying the multiplication ordering. See the description below.

    delta

    Optional delta matrix subtracted from src before the multiplication. When the matrix is empty ( delta=noArray() ), it is assumed to be zero, that is, nothing is subtracted. If it has the same size as src , it is simply subtracted. Otherwise, it is “repeated” (see repeat ) to cover the full src and then subtracted. Type of the delta matrix, when it is not empty, must be the same as the type of created output matrix. See the dtype parameter description below.

    scale

    Optional scale factor for the matrix product.

    dtype

    Optional type of the output matrix. When it is negative, the output matrix will have the same type as src . Otherwise, it will be type=CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype) that should be either CV_32F or CV_64F .

  • Calculates the product of a matrix and its transposition.

    The function cv::mulTransposed calculates the product of src and its transposition:

    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )
    if aTa=true , and
    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} ) ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T
    otherwise. The function is used to calculate the covariance matrix. With zero delta, it can be used as a faster substitute for general matrix product A*B when B=A’

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mulTransposed:(nonnull Mat *)src
                      dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                      aTa:(BOOL)aTa
                    delta:(nonnull Mat *)delta
                    scale:(double)scale;

    Swift

    class func mulTransposed(src: Mat, dst: Mat, aTa: Bool, delta: Mat, scale: Double)

    Parameters

    src

    input single-channel matrix. Note that unlike gemm, the function can multiply not only floating-point matrices.

    dst

    output square matrix.

    aTa

    Flag specifying the multiplication ordering. See the description below.

    delta

    Optional delta matrix subtracted from src before the multiplication. When the matrix is empty ( delta=noArray() ), it is assumed to be zero, that is, nothing is subtracted. If it has the same size as src , it is simply subtracted. Otherwise, it is “repeated” (see repeat ) to cover the full src and then subtracted. Type of the delta matrix, when it is not empty, must be the same as the type of created output matrix. See the dtype parameter description below.

    scale

    Optional scale factor for the matrix product. the output matrix will have the same type as src . Otherwise, it will be type=CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype) that should be either CV_32F or CV_64F .

  • Calculates the product of a matrix and its transposition.

    The function cv::mulTransposed calculates the product of src and its transposition:

    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )
    if aTa=true , and
    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} ) ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T
    otherwise. The function is used to calculate the covariance matrix. With zero delta, it can be used as a faster substitute for general matrix product A*B when B=A’

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mulTransposed:(nonnull Mat *)src
                      dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                      aTa:(BOOL)aTa
                    delta:(nonnull Mat *)delta;

    Swift

    class func mulTransposed(src: Mat, dst: Mat, aTa: Bool, delta: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input single-channel matrix. Note that unlike gemm, the function can multiply not only floating-point matrices.

    dst

    output square matrix.

    aTa

    Flag specifying the multiplication ordering. See the description below.

    delta

    Optional delta matrix subtracted from src before the multiplication. When the matrix is empty ( delta=noArray() ), it is assumed to be zero, that is, nothing is subtracted. If it has the same size as src , it is simply subtracted. Otherwise, it is “repeated” (see repeat ) to cover the full src and then subtracted. Type of the delta matrix, when it is not empty, must be the same as the type of created output matrix. See the dtype parameter description below. the output matrix will have the same type as src . Otherwise, it will be type=CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype) that should be either CV_32F or CV_64F .

  • Calculates the product of a matrix and its transposition.

    The function cv::mulTransposed calculates the product of src and its transposition:

    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )
    if aTa=true , and
    \texttt{dst} = \texttt{scale} ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} ) ( \texttt{src} - \texttt{delta} )^T
    otherwise. The function is used to calculate the covariance matrix. With zero delta, it can be used as a faster substitute for general matrix product A*B when B=A’

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)mulTransposed:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst aTa:(BOOL)aTa;

    Swift

    class func mulTransposed(src: Mat, dst: Mat, aTa: Bool)

    Parameters

    src

    input single-channel matrix. Note that unlike gemm, the function can multiply not only floating-point matrices.

    dst

    output square matrix.

    aTa

    Flag specifying the multiplication ordering. See the description below. multiplication. When the matrix is empty ( delta=noArray() ), it is assumed to be zero, that is, nothing is subtracted. If it has the same size as src , it is simply subtracted. Otherwise, it is “repeated” (see repeat ) to cover the full src and then subtracted. Type of the delta matrix, when it is not empty, must be the same as the type of created output matrix. See the dtype parameter description below. the output matrix will have the same type as src . Otherwise, it will be type=CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype) that should be either CV_32F or CV_64F .

  • Calculates the per-element scaled product of two arrays.

    The function multiply calculates the per-element product of two arrays:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{scale} \cdot \texttt{src1} (I) \cdot \texttt{src2} (I))

    There is also a REF: MatrixExpressions -friendly variant of the first function. See Mat::mul .

    For a not-per-element matrix product, see gemm .

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)multiply:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
               scale:(double)scale
               dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func multiply(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, scale: Double, dtype: Int32)
  • Calculates the per-element scaled product of two arrays.

    The function multiply calculates the per-element product of two arrays:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{scale} \cdot \texttt{src1} (I) \cdot \texttt{src2} (I))

    There is also a REF: MatrixExpressions -friendly variant of the first function. See Mat::mul .

    For a not-per-element matrix product, see gemm .

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)multiply:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
               scale:(double)scale;

    Swift

    class func multiply(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, scale: Double)
  • Calculates the per-element scaled product of two arrays.

    The function multiply calculates the per-element product of two arrays:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{scale} \cdot \texttt{src1} (I) \cdot \texttt{src2} (I))

    There is also a REF: MatrixExpressions -friendly variant of the first function. See Mat::mul .

    For a not-per-element matrix product, see gemm .

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)multiply:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func multiply(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)multiply:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst scale:(double)scale dtype:(int)dtype NS_SWIFT_NAME(multiply(src1:srcScalar:dst:scale:dtype:));

    Swift

    class func multiply(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, scale: Double, dtype: Int32)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)multiply:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst scale:(double)scale NS_SWIFT_NAME(multiply(src1:srcScalar:dst:scale:));

    Swift

    class func multiply(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, scale: Double)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)multiply:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(multiply(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func multiply(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Normalizes the norm or value range of an array.

    The function cv::normalize normalizes scale and shift the input array elements so that

    \| \texttt{dst} \| _{L_p}= \texttt{alpha}
    (where p=Inf, 1 or 2) when normType=NORM_INF, NORM_L1, or NORM_L2, respectively; or so that
    \min _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{alpha} , \, \, \max _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{beta}

    when normType=NORM_MINMAX (for dense arrays only). The optional mask specifies a sub-array to be normalized. This means that the norm or min-n-max are calculated over the sub-array, and then this sub-array is modified to be normalized. If you want to only use the mask to calculate the norm or min-max but modify the whole array, you can use norm and Mat::convertTo.

    In case of sparse matrices, only the non-zero values are analyzed and transformed. Because of this, the range transformation for sparse matrices is not allowed since it can shift the zero level.

    Possible usage with some positive example data:

     vector<double> positiveData = { 2.0, 8.0, 10.0 };
     vector<double> normalizedData_l1, normalizedData_l2, normalizedData_inf, normalizedData_minmax;
    
     // Norm to probability (total count)
     // sum(numbers) = 20.0
     // 2.0      0.1     (2.0/20.0)
     // 8.0      0.4     (8.0/20.0)
     // 10.0     0.5     (10.0/20.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l1, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L1);
    
     // Norm to unit vector: ||positiveData|| = 1.0
     // 2.0      0.15
     // 8.0      0.62
     // 10.0     0.77
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l2, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L2);
    
     // Norm to max element
     // 2.0      0.2     (2.0/10.0)
     // 8.0      0.8     (8.0/10.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (10.0/10.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_inf, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_INF);
    
     // Norm to range [0.0;1.0]
     // 2.0      0.0     (shift to left border)
     // 8.0      0.75    (6.0/8.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (shift to right border)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_minmax, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_MINMAX);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)normalize:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                alpha:(double)alpha
                 beta:(double)beta
            norm_type:(NormTypes)norm_type
                dtype:(int)dtype
                 mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func normalize(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double, beta: Double, norm_type: NormTypes, dtype: Int32, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src .

    alpha

    norm value to normalize to or the lower range boundary in case of the range normalization.

    beta

    upper range boundary in case of the range normalization; it is not used for the norm normalization.

    norm_type

    normalization type (see cv::NormTypes).

    dtype

    when negative, the output array has the same type as src; otherwise, it has the same number of channels as src and the depth =CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype).

    mask

    optional operation mask.

  • Normalizes the norm or value range of an array.

    The function cv::normalize normalizes scale and shift the input array elements so that

    \| \texttt{dst} \| _{L_p}= \texttt{alpha}
    (where p=Inf, 1 or 2) when normType=NORM_INF, NORM_L1, or NORM_L2, respectively; or so that
    \min _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{alpha} , \, \, \max _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{beta}

    when normType=NORM_MINMAX (for dense arrays only). The optional mask specifies a sub-array to be normalized. This means that the norm or min-n-max are calculated over the sub-array, and then this sub-array is modified to be normalized. If you want to only use the mask to calculate the norm or min-max but modify the whole array, you can use norm and Mat::convertTo.

    In case of sparse matrices, only the non-zero values are analyzed and transformed. Because of this, the range transformation for sparse matrices is not allowed since it can shift the zero level.

    Possible usage with some positive example data:

     vector<double> positiveData = { 2.0, 8.0, 10.0 };
     vector<double> normalizedData_l1, normalizedData_l2, normalizedData_inf, normalizedData_minmax;
    
     // Norm to probability (total count)
     // sum(numbers) = 20.0
     // 2.0      0.1     (2.0/20.0)
     // 8.0      0.4     (8.0/20.0)
     // 10.0     0.5     (10.0/20.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l1, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L1);
    
     // Norm to unit vector: ||positiveData|| = 1.0
     // 2.0      0.15
     // 8.0      0.62
     // 10.0     0.77
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l2, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L2);
    
     // Norm to max element
     // 2.0      0.2     (2.0/10.0)
     // 8.0      0.8     (8.0/10.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (10.0/10.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_inf, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_INF);
    
     // Norm to range [0.0;1.0]
     // 2.0      0.0     (shift to left border)
     // 8.0      0.75    (6.0/8.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (shift to right border)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_minmax, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_MINMAX);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)normalize:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                alpha:(double)alpha
                 beta:(double)beta
            norm_type:(NormTypes)norm_type
                dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func normalize(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double, beta: Double, norm_type: NormTypes, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src .

    alpha

    norm value to normalize to or the lower range boundary in case of the range normalization.

    beta

    upper range boundary in case of the range normalization; it is not used for the norm normalization.

    norm_type

    normalization type (see cv::NormTypes).

    dtype

    when negative, the output array has the same type as src; otherwise, it has the same number of channels as src and the depth =CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype).

  • Normalizes the norm or value range of an array.

    The function cv::normalize normalizes scale and shift the input array elements so that

    \| \texttt{dst} \| _{L_p}= \texttt{alpha}
    (where p=Inf, 1 or 2) when normType=NORM_INF, NORM_L1, or NORM_L2, respectively; or so that
    \min _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{alpha} , \, \, \max _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{beta}

    when normType=NORM_MINMAX (for dense arrays only). The optional mask specifies a sub-array to be normalized. This means that the norm or min-n-max are calculated over the sub-array, and then this sub-array is modified to be normalized. If you want to only use the mask to calculate the norm or min-max but modify the whole array, you can use norm and Mat::convertTo.

    In case of sparse matrices, only the non-zero values are analyzed and transformed. Because of this, the range transformation for sparse matrices is not allowed since it can shift the zero level.

    Possible usage with some positive example data:

     vector<double> positiveData = { 2.0, 8.0, 10.0 };
     vector<double> normalizedData_l1, normalizedData_l2, normalizedData_inf, normalizedData_minmax;
    
     // Norm to probability (total count)
     // sum(numbers) = 20.0
     // 2.0      0.1     (2.0/20.0)
     // 8.0      0.4     (8.0/20.0)
     // 10.0     0.5     (10.0/20.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l1, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L1);
    
     // Norm to unit vector: ||positiveData|| = 1.0
     // 2.0      0.15
     // 8.0      0.62
     // 10.0     0.77
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l2, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L2);
    
     // Norm to max element
     // 2.0      0.2     (2.0/10.0)
     // 8.0      0.8     (8.0/10.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (10.0/10.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_inf, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_INF);
    
     // Norm to range [0.0;1.0]
     // 2.0      0.0     (shift to left border)
     // 8.0      0.75    (6.0/8.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (shift to right border)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_minmax, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_MINMAX);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)normalize:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                alpha:(double)alpha
                 beta:(double)beta
            norm_type:(NormTypes)norm_type;

    Swift

    class func normalize(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double, beta: Double, norm_type: NormTypes)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src .

    alpha

    norm value to normalize to or the lower range boundary in case of the range normalization.

    beta

    upper range boundary in case of the range normalization; it is not used for the norm normalization.

    norm_type

    normalization type (see cv::NormTypes). number of channels as src and the depth =CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype).

  • Normalizes the norm or value range of an array.

    The function cv::normalize normalizes scale and shift the input array elements so that

    \| \texttt{dst} \| _{L_p}= \texttt{alpha}
    (where p=Inf, 1 or 2) when normType=NORM_INF, NORM_L1, or NORM_L2, respectively; or so that
    \min _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{alpha} , \, \, \max _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{beta}

    when normType=NORM_MINMAX (for dense arrays only). The optional mask specifies a sub-array to be normalized. This means that the norm or min-n-max are calculated over the sub-array, and then this sub-array is modified to be normalized. If you want to only use the mask to calculate the norm or min-max but modify the whole array, you can use norm and Mat::convertTo.

    In case of sparse matrices, only the non-zero values are analyzed and transformed. Because of this, the range transformation for sparse matrices is not allowed since it can shift the zero level.

    Possible usage with some positive example data:

     vector<double> positiveData = { 2.0, 8.0, 10.0 };
     vector<double> normalizedData_l1, normalizedData_l2, normalizedData_inf, normalizedData_minmax;
    
     // Norm to probability (total count)
     // sum(numbers) = 20.0
     // 2.0      0.1     (2.0/20.0)
     // 8.0      0.4     (8.0/20.0)
     // 10.0     0.5     (10.0/20.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l1, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L1);
    
     // Norm to unit vector: ||positiveData|| = 1.0
     // 2.0      0.15
     // 8.0      0.62
     // 10.0     0.77
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l2, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L2);
    
     // Norm to max element
     // 2.0      0.2     (2.0/10.0)
     // 8.0      0.8     (8.0/10.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (10.0/10.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_inf, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_INF);
    
     // Norm to range [0.0;1.0]
     // 2.0      0.0     (shift to left border)
     // 8.0      0.75    (6.0/8.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (shift to right border)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_minmax, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_MINMAX);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)normalize:(nonnull Mat *)src
                  dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                alpha:(double)alpha
                 beta:(double)beta;

    Swift

    class func normalize(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double, beta: Double)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src .

    alpha

    norm value to normalize to or the lower range boundary in case of the range normalization.

    beta

    upper range boundary in case of the range normalization; it is not used for the norm normalization. number of channels as src and the depth =CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype).

  • Normalizes the norm or value range of an array.

    The function cv::normalize normalizes scale and shift the input array elements so that

    \| \texttt{dst} \| _{L_p}= \texttt{alpha}
    (where p=Inf, 1 or 2) when normType=NORM_INF, NORM_L1, or NORM_L2, respectively; or so that
    \min _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{alpha} , \, \, \max _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{beta}

    when normType=NORM_MINMAX (for dense arrays only). The optional mask specifies a sub-array to be normalized. This means that the norm or min-n-max are calculated over the sub-array, and then this sub-array is modified to be normalized. If you want to only use the mask to calculate the norm or min-max but modify the whole array, you can use norm and Mat::convertTo.

    In case of sparse matrices, only the non-zero values are analyzed and transformed. Because of this, the range transformation for sparse matrices is not allowed since it can shift the zero level.

    Possible usage with some positive example data:

     vector<double> positiveData = { 2.0, 8.0, 10.0 };
     vector<double> normalizedData_l1, normalizedData_l2, normalizedData_inf, normalizedData_minmax;
    
     // Norm to probability (total count)
     // sum(numbers) = 20.0
     // 2.0      0.1     (2.0/20.0)
     // 8.0      0.4     (8.0/20.0)
     // 10.0     0.5     (10.0/20.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l1, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L1);
    
     // Norm to unit vector: ||positiveData|| = 1.0
     // 2.0      0.15
     // 8.0      0.62
     // 10.0     0.77
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l2, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L2);
    
     // Norm to max element
     // 2.0      0.2     (2.0/10.0)
     // 8.0      0.8     (8.0/10.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (10.0/10.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_inf, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_INF);
    
     // Norm to range [0.0;1.0]
     // 2.0      0.0     (shift to left border)
     // 8.0      0.75    (6.0/8.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (shift to right border)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_minmax, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_MINMAX);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)normalize:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst alpha:(double)alpha;

    Swift

    class func normalize(src: Mat, dst: Mat, alpha: Double)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src .

    alpha

    norm value to normalize to or the lower range boundary in case of the range normalization. normalization. number of channels as src and the depth =CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype).

  • Normalizes the norm or value range of an array.

    The function cv::normalize normalizes scale and shift the input array elements so that

    \| \texttt{dst} \| _{L_p}= \texttt{alpha}
    (where p=Inf, 1 or 2) when normType=NORM_INF, NORM_L1, or NORM_L2, respectively; or so that
    \min _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{alpha} , \, \, \max _I \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{beta}

    when normType=NORM_MINMAX (for dense arrays only). The optional mask specifies a sub-array to be normalized. This means that the norm or min-n-max are calculated over the sub-array, and then this sub-array is modified to be normalized. If you want to only use the mask to calculate the norm or min-max but modify the whole array, you can use norm and Mat::convertTo.

    In case of sparse matrices, only the non-zero values are analyzed and transformed. Because of this, the range transformation for sparse matrices is not allowed since it can shift the zero level.

    Possible usage with some positive example data:

     vector<double> positiveData = { 2.0, 8.0, 10.0 };
     vector<double> normalizedData_l1, normalizedData_l2, normalizedData_inf, normalizedData_minmax;
    
     // Norm to probability (total count)
     // sum(numbers) = 20.0
     // 2.0      0.1     (2.0/20.0)
     // 8.0      0.4     (8.0/20.0)
     // 10.0     0.5     (10.0/20.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l1, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L1);
    
     // Norm to unit vector: ||positiveData|| = 1.0
     // 2.0      0.15
     // 8.0      0.62
     // 10.0     0.77
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_l2, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_L2);
    
     // Norm to max element
     // 2.0      0.2     (2.0/10.0)
     // 8.0      0.8     (8.0/10.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (10.0/10.0)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_inf, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_INF);
    
     // Norm to range [0.0;1.0]
     // 2.0      0.0     (shift to left border)
     // 8.0      0.75    (6.0/8.0)
     // 10.0     1.0     (shift to right border)
     normalize(positiveData, normalizedData_minmax, 1.0, 0.0, NORM_MINMAX);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)normalize:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func normalize(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same size as src . normalization. normalization. number of channels as src and the depth =CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype).

  • converts NaN’s to the given number

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)patchNaNs:(nonnull Mat *)a val:(double)val;

    Swift

    class func patchNaNs(a: Mat, val: Double)
  • converts NaN’s to the given number

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)patchNaNs:(nonnull Mat *)a;

    Swift

    class func patchNaNs(a: Mat)
  • Performs the perspective matrix transformation of vectors.

    The function cv::perspectiveTransform transforms every element of src by treating it as a 2D or 3D vector, in the following way:

    (x, y, z) \rightarrow (x’/w, y’/w, z’/w)
    where
    (x’, y’, z’, w’) = \texttt{mat} \cdot \begin{bmatrix} x & y & z & 1 \end{bmatrix}
    and
    \newcommand{\fork}[4]{ \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} #1 & \text{#2}\\ #3 & \text{#4}\\ \end{array} \right.} w = \fork{w’}{if \(w’ \ne 0\)}{\infty}{otherwise}

    Here a 3D vector transformation is shown. In case of a 2D vector transformation, the z component is omitted.

    Note

    The function transforms a sparse set of 2D or 3D vectors. If you want to transform an image using perspective transformation, use warpPerspective . If you have an inverse problem, that is, you want to compute the most probable perspective transformation out of several pairs of corresponding points, you can use getPerspectiveTransform or findHomography .

    See

    +transform:dst:m:, warpPerspective, getPerspectiveTransform, findHomography

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)perspectiveTransform:(nonnull Mat *)src
                             dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                               m:(nonnull Mat *)m;

    Swift

    class func perspectiveTransform(src: Mat, dst: Mat, m: Mat)
  • Calculates the rotation angle of 2D vectors.

    The function cv::phase calculates the rotation angle of each 2D vector that is formed from the corresponding elements of x and y :

    \texttt{angle} (I) = \texttt{atan2} ( \texttt{y} (I), \texttt{x} (I))

    The angle estimation accuracy is about 0.3 degrees. When x(I)=y(I)=0 , the corresponding angle(I) is set to 0.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)phase:(nonnull Mat *)x
                     y:(nonnull Mat *)y
                 angle:(nonnull Mat *)angle
        angleInDegrees:(BOOL)angleInDegrees;

    Swift

    class func phase(x: Mat, y: Mat, angle: Mat, angleInDegrees: Bool)

    Parameters

    x

    input floating-point array of x-coordinates of 2D vectors.

    y

    input array of y-coordinates of 2D vectors; it must have the same size and the same type as x.

    angle

    output array of vector angles; it has the same size and same type as x .

    angleInDegrees

    when true, the function calculates the angle in degrees, otherwise, they are measured in radians.

  • Calculates the rotation angle of 2D vectors.

    The function cv::phase calculates the rotation angle of each 2D vector that is formed from the corresponding elements of x and y :

    \texttt{angle} (I) = \texttt{atan2} ( \texttt{y} (I), \texttt{x} (I))

    The angle estimation accuracy is about 0.3 degrees. When x(I)=y(I)=0 , the corresponding angle(I) is set to 0.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)phase:(nonnull Mat *)x y:(nonnull Mat *)y angle:(nonnull Mat *)angle;

    Swift

    class func phase(x: Mat, y: Mat, angle: Mat)

    Parameters

    x

    input floating-point array of x-coordinates of 2D vectors.

    y

    input array of y-coordinates of 2D vectors; it must have the same size and the same type as x.

    angle

    output array of vector angles; it has the same size and same type as x . degrees, otherwise, they are measured in radians.

  • Calculates x and y coordinates of 2D vectors from their magnitude and angle.

    The function cv::polarToCart calculates the Cartesian coordinates of each 2D vector represented by the corresponding elements of magnitude and angle:

    \begin{array}{l} \texttt{x} (I) = \texttt{magnitude} (I) \cos ( \texttt{angle} (I)) \ \texttt{y} (I) = \texttt{magnitude} (I) \sin ( \texttt{angle} (I)) \ \end{array}

    The relative accuracy of the estimated coordinates is about 1e-6.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)polarToCart:(nonnull Mat *)magnitude
                  angle:(nonnull Mat *)angle
                      x:(nonnull Mat *)x
                      y:(nonnull Mat *)y
         angleInDegrees:(BOOL)angleInDegrees;

    Swift

    class func polarToCart(magnitude: Mat, angle: Mat, x: Mat, y: Mat, angleInDegrees: Bool)

    Parameters

    magnitude

    input floating-point array of magnitudes of 2D vectors; it can be an empty matrix (=Mat()), in this case, the function assumes that all the magnitudes are =1; if it is not empty, it must have the same size and type as angle.

    angle

    input floating-point array of angles of 2D vectors.

    x

    output array of x-coordinates of 2D vectors; it has the same size and type as angle.

    y

    output array of y-coordinates of 2D vectors; it has the same size and type as angle.

    angleInDegrees

    when true, the input angles are measured in degrees, otherwise, they are measured in radians.

  • Calculates x and y coordinates of 2D vectors from their magnitude and angle.

    The function cv::polarToCart calculates the Cartesian coordinates of each 2D vector represented by the corresponding elements of magnitude and angle:

    \begin{array}{l} \texttt{x} (I) = \texttt{magnitude} (I) \cos ( \texttt{angle} (I)) \ \texttt{y} (I) = \texttt{magnitude} (I) \sin ( \texttt{angle} (I)) \ \end{array}

    The relative accuracy of the estimated coordinates is about 1e-6.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)polarToCart:(nonnull Mat *)magnitude
                  angle:(nonnull Mat *)angle
                      x:(nonnull Mat *)x
                      y:(nonnull Mat *)y;

    Swift

    class func polarToCart(magnitude: Mat, angle: Mat, x: Mat, y: Mat)

    Parameters

    magnitude

    input floating-point array of magnitudes of 2D vectors; it can be an empty matrix (=Mat()), in this case, the function assumes that all the magnitudes are =1; if it is not empty, it must have the same size and type as angle.

    angle

    input floating-point array of angles of 2D vectors.

    x

    output array of x-coordinates of 2D vectors; it has the same size and type as angle.

    y

    output array of y-coordinates of 2D vectors; it has the same size and type as angle. degrees, otherwise, they are measured in radians.

  • Raises every array element to a power.

    The function cv::pow raises every element of the input array to power :

    \newcommand{\fork}[4]{ \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} #1 & \text{#2}\\ #3 & \text{#4}\\ \end{array} \right.} \texttt{dst} (I) = \fork{\texttt{src}(I)^{power}}{if \(\texttt{power}\) is integer}{|\texttt{src}(I)|^{power}}{otherwise}

    So, for a non-integer power exponent, the absolute values of input array elements are used. However, it is possible to get true values for negative values using some extra operations. In the example below, computing the 5th root of array src shows:

     Mat mask = src < 0;
     pow(src, 1./5, dst);
     subtract(Scalar::all(0), dst, dst, mask);
    

    For some values of power, such as integer values, 0.5 and -0.5, specialized faster algorithms are used.

    Special values (NaN, Inf) are not handled.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)pow:(nonnull Mat *)src power:(double)power dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func pow(src: Mat, power: Double, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    power

    exponent of power.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

  • Shuffles the array elements randomly.

    The function cv::randShuffle shuffles the specified 1D array by randomly choosing pairs of elements and swapping them. The number of such swap operations will be dst.rows*dst.cols*iterFactor .

    See

    RNG, +sort:dst:flags:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)randShuffle:(nonnull Mat *)dst iterFactor:(double)iterFactor;

    Swift

    class func randShuffle(dst: Mat, iterFactor: Double)

    Parameters

    dst

    input/output numerical 1D array.

    iterFactor

    scale factor that determines the number of random swap operations (see the details below).

    rng

    optional random number generator used for shuffling; if it is zero, theRNG () is used instead.

  • Shuffles the array elements randomly.

    The function cv::randShuffle shuffles the specified 1D array by randomly choosing pairs of elements and swapping them. The number of such swap operations will be dst.rows*dst.cols*iterFactor .

    See

    RNG, +sort:dst:flags:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)randShuffle:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func randShuffle(dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    dst

    input/output numerical 1D array. below). instead.

  • Fills the array with normally distributed random numbers.

    The function cv::randn fills the matrix dst with normally distributed random numbers with the specified mean vector and the standard deviation matrix. The generated random numbers are clipped to fit the value range of the output array data type.

    See

    RNG, +randu:low:high:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)randn:(nonnull Mat *)dst mean:(double)mean stddev:(double)stddev;

    Swift

    class func randn(dst: Mat, mean: Double, stddev: Double)

    Parameters

    dst

    output array of random numbers; the array must be pre-allocated and have 1 to 4 channels.

    mean

    mean value (expectation) of the generated random numbers.

    stddev

    standard deviation of the generated random numbers; it can be either a vector (in which case a diagonal standard deviation matrix is assumed) or a square matrix.

  • Generates a single uniformly-distributed random number or an array of random numbers.

    Non-template variant of the function fills the matrix dst with uniformly-distributed random numbers from the specified range:

    \texttt{low} _c \leq \texttt{dst} (I)_c < \texttt{high} _c

    See

    RNG, +randn:mean:stddev:, theRNG

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)randu:(nonnull Mat *)dst low:(double)low high:(double)high;

    Swift

    class func randu(dst: Mat, low: Double, high: Double)

    Parameters

    dst

    output array of random numbers; the array must be pre-allocated.

    low

    inclusive lower boundary of the generated random numbers.

    high

    exclusive upper boundary of the generated random numbers.

  • Reduces a matrix to a vector.

    The function #reduce reduces the matrix to a vector by treating the matrix rows/columns as a set of 1D vectors and performing the specified operation on the vectors until a single row/column is obtained. For example, the function can be used to compute horizontal and vertical projections of a raster image. In case of #REDUCE_MAX and #REDUCE_MIN , the output image should have the same type as the source one. In case of #REDUCE_SUM and #REDUCE_AVG , the output may have a larger element bit-depth to preserve accuracy. And multi-channel arrays are also supported in these two reduction modes.

    The following code demonstrates its usage for a single channel matrix. SNIPPET: snippets/core_reduce.cpp example

    And the following code demonstrates its usage for a two-channel matrix. SNIPPET: snippets/core_reduce.cpp example2

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)reduce:(nonnull Mat *)src
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
               dim:(int)dim
             rtype:(int)rtype
             dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func reduce(src: Mat, dst: Mat, dim: Int32, rtype: Int32, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input 2D matrix.

    dst

    output vector. Its size and type is defined by dim and dtype parameters.

    dim

    dimension index along which the matrix is reduced. 0 means that the matrix is reduced to a single row. 1 means that the matrix is reduced to a single column.

    rtype

    reduction operation that could be one of #ReduceTypes

    dtype

    when negative, the output vector will have the same type as the input matrix, otherwise, its type will be CV_MAKE_TYPE(CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype), src.channels()).

  • Reduces a matrix to a vector.

    The function #reduce reduces the matrix to a vector by treating the matrix rows/columns as a set of 1D vectors and performing the specified operation on the vectors until a single row/column is obtained. For example, the function can be used to compute horizontal and vertical projections of a raster image. In case of #REDUCE_MAX and #REDUCE_MIN , the output image should have the same type as the source one. In case of #REDUCE_SUM and #REDUCE_AVG , the output may have a larger element bit-depth to preserve accuracy. And multi-channel arrays are also supported in these two reduction modes.

    The following code demonstrates its usage for a single channel matrix. SNIPPET: snippets/core_reduce.cpp example

    And the following code demonstrates its usage for a two-channel matrix. SNIPPET: snippets/core_reduce.cpp example2

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)reduce:(nonnull Mat *)src
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
               dim:(int)dim
             rtype:(int)rtype;

    Swift

    class func reduce(src: Mat, dst: Mat, dim: Int32, rtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input 2D matrix.

    dst

    output vector. Its size and type is defined by dim and dtype parameters.

    dim

    dimension index along which the matrix is reduced. 0 means that the matrix is reduced to a single row. 1 means that the matrix is reduced to a single column.

    rtype

    reduction operation that could be one of #ReduceTypes otherwise, its type will be CV_MAKE_TYPE(CV_MAT_DEPTH(dtype), src.channels()).

  • Fills the output array with repeated copies of the input array.

    The function cv::repeat duplicates the input array one or more times along each of the two axes:

    \texttt{dst} _{ij}= \texttt{src} _{i\mod src.rows, \; j\mod src.cols }
    The second variant of the function is more convenient to use with REF: MatrixExpressions.

    See

    cv::reduce

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)repeat:(nonnull Mat *)src ny:(int)ny nx:(int)nx dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func `repeat`(src: Mat, ny: Int32, nx: Int32, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array to replicate.

    ny

    Flag to specify how many times the src is repeated along the vertical axis.

    nx

    Flag to specify how many times the src is repeated along the horizontal axis.

    dst

    output array of the same type as src.

  • Rotates a 2D array in multiples of 90 degrees. The function cv::rotate rotates the array in one of three different ways: Rotate by 90 degrees clockwise (rotateCode = ROTATE_90_CLOCKWISE). Rotate by 180 degrees clockwise (rotateCode = ROTATE_180). Rotate by 270 degrees clockwise (rotateCode = ROTATE_90_COUNTERCLOCKWISE).

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)rotate:(nonnull Mat *)src
               dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
        rotateCode:(RotateFlags)rotateCode;

    Swift

    class func rotate(src: Mat, dst: Mat, rotateCode: RotateFlags)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same type as src. The size is the same with ROTATE_180, and the rows and cols are switched for ROTATE_90_CLOCKWISE and ROTATE_90_COUNTERCLOCKWISE.

    rotateCode

    an enum to specify how to rotate the array; see the enum #RotateFlags

  • Calculates the sum of a scaled array and another array.

    The function scaleAdd is one of the classical primitive linear algebra operations, known as DAXPY or SAXPY in BLAS. It calculates the sum of a scaled array and another array:

    \texttt{dst} (I)= \texttt{scale} \cdot \texttt{src1} (I) + \texttt{src2} (I)
    The function can also be emulated with a matrix expression, for example:

     Mat A(3, 3, CV_64F);
     ...
     A.row(0) = A.row(1)*2 + A.row(2);
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)scaleAdd:(nonnull Mat *)src1
               alpha:(double)alpha
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func scaleAdd(src1: Mat, alpha: Double, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)
  • Initializes a scaled identity matrix.

    The function cv::setIdentity initializes a scaled identity matrix:

    \newcommand{\fork}[4]{ \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} #1 & \text{#2}\\ #3 & \text{#4}\\ \end{array} \right.} \texttt{mtx} (i,j)= \fork{\texttt{value}}{ if \(i=j\)}{0}{otherwise}

    The function can also be emulated using the matrix initializers and the matrix expressions:

     Mat A = Mat::eye(4, 3, CV_32F)*5;
     // A will be set to [[5, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 5], [0, 0, 0]]
    

    See

    [Mat zeros:cols:type:], [Mat ones:cols:type:], -[Mat setToScalar:mask:], Mat::operator=

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)setIdentity:(nonnull Mat *)mtx s:(nonnull Scalar *)s;

    Swift

    class func setIdentity(mtx: Mat, s: Scalar)

    Parameters

    mtx

    matrix to initialize (not necessarily square).

    s

    value to assign to diagonal elements.

  • Initializes a scaled identity matrix.

    The function cv::setIdentity initializes a scaled identity matrix:

    \newcommand{\fork}[4]{ \left\{ \begin{array}{l l} #1 & \text{#2}\\ #3 & \text{#4}\\ \end{array} \right.} \texttt{mtx} (i,j)= \fork{\texttt{value}}{ if \(i=j\)}{0}{otherwise}

    The function can also be emulated using the matrix initializers and the matrix expressions:

     Mat A = Mat::eye(4, 3, CV_32F)*5;
     // A will be set to [[5, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 5], [0, 0, 0]]
    

    See

    [Mat zeros:cols:type:], [Mat ones:cols:type:], -[Mat setToScalar:mask:], Mat::operator=

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)setIdentity:(nonnull Mat *)mtx;

    Swift

    class func setIdentity(mtx: Mat)

    Parameters

    mtx

    matrix to initialize (not necessarily square).

  • OpenCV will try to set the number of threads for the next parallel region.

    If threads == 0, OpenCV will disable threading optimizations and run all it’s functions sequentially. Passing threads < 0 will reset threads number to system default. This function must be called outside of parallel region.

    OpenCV will try to run its functions with specified threads number, but some behaviour differs from framework:

    • TBB - User-defined parallel constructions will run with the same threads number, if another is not specified. If later on user creates his own scheduler, OpenCV will use it.
    • OpenMP - No special defined behaviour.
    • Concurrency - If threads == 1, OpenCV will disable threading optimizations and run its functions sequentially.
    • GCD - Supports only values <= 0.
    • C= - No special defined behaviour.

    See

    +getNumThreads:, +getThreadNum:

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)setNumThreads:(int)nthreads;

    Swift

    class func setNumThreads(nthreads: Int32)

    Parameters

    nthreads

    Number of threads used by OpenCV.

  • Sets state of default random number generator.

    The function cv::setRNGSeed sets state of default random number generator to custom value.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)setRNGSeed:(int)seed;

    Swift

    class func setRNGSeed(seed: Int32)

    Parameters

    seed

    new state for default random number generator

  • Sorts each row or each column of a matrix.

    The function cv::sort sorts each matrix row or each matrix column in ascending or descending order. So you should pass two operation flags to get desired behaviour. If you want to sort matrix rows or columns lexicographically, you can use STL std::sort generic function with the proper comparison predicate.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)sort:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func sort(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input single-channel array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

    flags

    operation flags, a combination of #SortFlags

  • Sorts each row or each column of a matrix.

    The function cv::sortIdx sorts each matrix row or each matrix column in the ascending or descending order. So you should pass two operation flags to get desired behaviour. Instead of reordering the elements themselves, it stores the indices of sorted elements in the output array. For example:

     Mat A = Mat::eye(3,3,CV_32F), B;
     sortIdx(A, B, SORT_EVERY_ROW + SORT_ASCENDING);
     // B will probably contain
     // (because of equal elements in A some permutations are possible):
     // [[1, 2, 0], [0, 2, 1], [0, 1, 2]]
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)sortIdx:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst flags:(int)flags;

    Swift

    class func sortIdx(src: Mat, dst: Mat, flags: Int32)

    Parameters

    src

    input single-channel array.

    dst

    output integer array of the same size as src.

    flags

    operation flags that could be a combination of cv::SortFlags

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)split:(nonnull Mat *)m mv:(nonnull NSMutableArray<Mat *> *)mv;

    Swift

    class func split(m: Mat, mv: NSMutableArray)

    Parameters

    m

    input multi-channel array.

    mv

    output vector of arrays; the arrays themselves are reallocated, if needed.

  • Calculates a square root of array elements.

    The function cv::sqrt calculates a square root of each input array element. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently. The accuracy is approximately the same as of the built-in std::sqrt .

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)sqrt:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func sqrt(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input floating-point array.

    dst

    output array of the same size and type as src.

  • Calculates the per-element difference between two arrays or array and a scalar.

    The function subtract calculates:

    • Difference between two arrays, when both input arrays have the same size and the same number of channels:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2}(I)) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Difference between an array and a scalar, when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2} ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Difference between a scalar and an array, when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} - \texttt{src2}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • The reverse difference between a scalar and an array in the case of SubRS:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src2} - \texttt{src1}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
      where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    The first function in the list above can be replaced with matrix expressions:

     dst = src1 - src2;
     dst -= src1; // equivalent to subtract(dst, src1, dst);
    

    The input arrays and the output array can all have the same or different depths. For example, you can subtract to 8-bit unsigned arrays and store the difference in a 16-bit signed array. Depth of the output array is determined by dtype parameter. In the second and third cases above, as well as in the first case, when src1.depth() == src2.depth(), dtype can be set to the default -1. In this case the output array will have the same depth as the input array, be it src1, src2 or both.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)subtract:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask
               dtype:(int)dtype;

    Swift

    class func subtract(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat, dtype: Int32)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array of the same size and the same number of channels as the input array.

    mask

    optional operation mask; this is an 8-bit single channel array that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

    dtype

    optional depth of the output array

  • Calculates the per-element difference between two arrays or array and a scalar.

    The function subtract calculates:

    • Difference between two arrays, when both input arrays have the same size and the same number of channels:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2}(I)) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Difference between an array and a scalar, when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2} ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Difference between a scalar and an array, when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} - \texttt{src2}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • The reverse difference between a scalar and an array in the case of SubRS:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src2} - \texttt{src1}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
      where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    The first function in the list above can be replaced with matrix expressions:

     dst = src1 - src2;
     dst -= src1; // equivalent to subtract(dst, src1, dst);
    

    The input arrays and the output array can all have the same or different depths. For example, you can subtract to 8-bit unsigned arrays and store the difference in a 16-bit signed array. Depth of the output array is determined by dtype parameter. In the second and third cases above, as well as in the first case, when src1.depth() == src2.depth(), dtype can be set to the default -1. In this case the output array will have the same depth as the input array, be it src1, src2 or both.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)subtract:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst
                mask:(nonnull Mat *)mask;

    Swift

    class func subtract(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array of the same size and the same number of channels as the input array.

    mask

    optional operation mask; this is an 8-bit single channel array that specifies elements of the output array to be changed.

  • Calculates the per-element difference between two arrays or array and a scalar.

    The function subtract calculates:

    • Difference between two arrays, when both input arrays have the same size and the same number of channels:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2}(I)) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Difference between an array and a scalar, when src2 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src1.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1}(I) - \texttt{src2} ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • Difference between a scalar and an array, when src1 is constructed from Scalar or has the same number of elements as src2.channels():
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src1} - \texttt{src2}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
    • The reverse difference between a scalar and an array in the case of SubRS:
      \texttt{dst}(I) = \texttt{saturate} ( \texttt{src2} - \texttt{src1}(I) ) \quad \texttt{if mask}(I) \ne0
      where I is a multi-dimensional index of array elements. In case of multi-channel arrays, each channel is processed independently.

    The first function in the list above can be replaced with matrix expressions:

     dst = src1 - src2;
     dst -= src1; // equivalent to subtract(dst, src1, dst);
    

    The input arrays and the output array can all have the same or different depths. For example, you can subtract to 8-bit unsigned arrays and store the difference in a 16-bit signed array. Depth of the output array is determined by dtype parameter. In the second and third cases above, as well as in the first case, when src1.depth() == src2.depth(), dtype can be set to the default -1. In this case the output array will have the same depth as the input array, be it src1, src2 or both.

    Note

    Saturation is not applied when the output array has the depth CV_32S. You may even get result of an incorrect sign in the case of overflow.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)subtract:(nonnull Mat *)src1
                src2:(nonnull Mat *)src2
                 dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func subtract(src1: Mat, src2: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src1

    first input array or a scalar.

    src2

    second input array or a scalar.

    dst

    output array of the same size and the same number of channels as the input array. of the output array to be changed.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)subtract:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst mask:(Mat*)mask dtype:(int)dtype NS_SWIFT_NAME(subtract(src1:srcScalar:dst:mask:dtype:));

    Swift

    class func subtract(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, mask: Mat, dtype: Int32)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)subtract:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst mask:(Mat*)mask NS_SWIFT_NAME(subtract(src1:srcScalar:dst:mask:));

    Swift

    class func subtract(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat, mask: Mat)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)subtract:(Mat*)src1 srcScalar:(Scalar*)srcScalar dst:(Mat*)dst NS_SWIFT_NAME(subtract(src1:srcScalar:dst:));

    Swift

    class func subtract(src1: Mat, srcScalar: Scalar, dst: Mat)
  • Performs the matrix transformation of every array element.

    The function cv::transform performs the matrix transformation of every element of the array src and stores the results in dst :

    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{m} \cdot \texttt{src} (I)
    (when m.cols=src.channels() ), or
    \texttt{dst} (I) = \texttt{m} \cdot [ \texttt{src} (I); 1]
    (when m.cols=src.channels()+1 )

    Every element of the N -channel array src is interpreted as N -element vector that is transformed using the M x N or M x (N+1) matrix m to M-element vector - the corresponding element of the output array dst .

    The function may be used for geometrical transformation of N -dimensional points, arbitrary linear color space transformation (such as various kinds of RGB to YUV transforms), shuffling the image channels, and so forth.

    See

    +perspectiveTransform:dst:m:, getAffineTransform, estimateAffine2D, warpAffine, warpPerspective

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)transform:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst m:(nonnull Mat *)m;

    Swift

    class func transform(src: Mat, dst: Mat, m: Mat)
  • Transposes a matrix.

    The function cv::transpose transposes the matrix src :

    \texttt{dst} (i,j) = \texttt{src} (j,i)

    Note

    No complex conjugation is done in case of a complex matrix. It should be done separately if needed.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)transpose:(nonnull Mat *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func transpose(src: Mat, dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array.

    dst

    output array of the same type as src.

  •  std::vector<cv::Mat> matrices = { cv::Mat(1, 4, CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(1)),
                                       cv::Mat(1, 4, CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(2)),
                                       cv::Mat(1, 4, CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(3)),};
    
     cv::Mat out;
     cv::vconcat( matrices, out );
     //out:
     //[1,   1,   1,   1;
     // 2,   2,   2,   2;
     // 3,   3,   3,   3]
    

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)vconcat:(nonnull NSArray<Mat *> *)src dst:(nonnull Mat *)dst;

    Swift

    class func vconcat(src: [Mat], dst: Mat)

    Parameters

    src

    input array or vector of matrices. all of the matrices must have the same number of cols and the same depth

    dst

    output array. It has the same number of cols and depth as the src, and the sum of rows of the src. same depth.

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)setUseIPP:(BOOL)flag NS_SWIFT_NAME(setUseIPP(flag:));

    Swift

    class func setUseIPP(flag: Bool)
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)setUseIPP_NotExact:(BOOL)flag NS_SWIFT_NAME(setUseIPP_NotExact(flag:));

    Swift

    class func setUseIPP_NotExact(flag: Bool)
  • Override search data path by adding new search location

    Use this only to override default behavior Passed paths are used in LIFO order.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)addSamplesDataSearchPath:(nonnull NSString *)path;

    Swift

    class func addSamplesDataSearchPath(path: String)

    Parameters

    path

    Path to used samples data

  • Append samples search data sub directory

    General usage is to add OpenCV modules name (<opencv_contrib>/modules/<name>/samples/data -> <name>/samples/data + modules/<name>/samples/data). Passed subdirectories are used in LIFO order.

    Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (void)addSamplesDataSearchSubDirectory:(nonnull NSString *)subdir;

    Swift

    class func addSamplesDataSearchSubDirectory(subdir: String)

    Parameters

    subdir

    samples data sub directory

  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (MinMaxLocResult*)minMaxLoc:(Mat*)src mask:(nullable Mat*)mask;

    Swift

    class func minMaxLoc(_ src: Mat, mask: Mat?) -> MinMaxLocResult
  • Declaration

    Objective-C

    + (MinMaxLocResult*)minMaxLoc:(Mat*)src;

    Swift

    class func minMaxLoc(_ src: Mat) -> MinMaxLocResult